Materialize/test/sqllogictest/explain/decorrelated_plan_as_json.slt

# Copyright Materialize, Inc. and contributors. All rights reserved.
#
# Use of this software is governed by the Business Source License
# included in the LICENSE file at the root of this repository.
#
# As of the Change Date specified in that file, in accordance with
# the Business Source License, use of this software will be governed
# by the Apache License, Version 2.0.

# Requires stable object IDs
reset-server

statement ok
CREATE TABLE t (
  a int,
  b int
)

statement ok
CREATE VIEW ov AS SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY b asc, a desc LIMIT 5

statement ok
CREATE VIEW v AS
SELECT * FROM t WHERE a IS NOT NULL

statement ok
CREATE DEFAULT INDEX ON v

statement ok
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mv AS
SELECT * FROM t WHERE a IS NOT NULL

mode cockroach

# Test constant error.
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT 1 / 0
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Project": {
        "input": {
          "Map": {
            "input": {
              "Get": {
                "id": {
                  "Local": 0
                },
                "typ": {
                  "column_types": [],
                  "keys": [
                    []
                  ]
                },
                "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
              }
            },
            "scalars": [
              {
                "CallBinary": {
                  "func": "DivInt32",
                  "expr1": {
                    "Literal": [
                      {
                        "Ok": {
                          "data": [
                            45,
                            1
                          ]
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                        "nullable": false
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  "expr2": {
                    "Literal": [
                      {
                        "Ok": {
                          "data": [
                            44
                          ]
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                        "nullable": false
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "outputs": [
          0
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test constant with two elements.
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
(SELECT 1, 2) UNION ALL (SELECT 1, 2) UNION ALL (SELECT 3, 4)
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Union": {
        "base": {
          "Project": {
            "input": {
              "Map": {
                "input": {
                  "Get": {
                    "id": {
                      "Local": 0
                    },
                    "typ": {
                      "column_types": [],
                      "keys": [
                        []
                      ]
                    },
                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                  }
                },
                "scalars": [
                  {
                    "Literal": [
                      {
                        "Ok": {
                          "data": [
                            45,
                            1
                          ]
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                        "nullable": false
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "Literal": [
                      {
                        "Ok": {
                          "data": [
                            45,
                            2
                          ]
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                        "nullable": false
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              }
            },
            "outputs": [
              0,
              1
            ]
          }
        },
        "inputs": [
          {
            "Project": {
              "input": {
                "Map": {
                  "input": {
                    "Get": {
                      "id": {
                        "Local": 0
                      },
                      "typ": {
                        "column_types": [],
                        "keys": [
                          []
                        ]
                      },
                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                    }
                  },
                  "scalars": [
                    {
                      "Literal": [
                        {
                          "Ok": {
                            "data": [
                              45,
                              1
                            ]
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": false
                        }
                      ]
                    },
                    {
                      "Literal": [
                        {
                          "Ok": {
                            "data": [
                              45,
                              2
                            ]
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": false
                        }
                      ]
                    }
                  ]
                }
              },
              "outputs": [
                0,
                1
              ]
            }
          },
          {
            "Project": {
              "input": {
                "Map": {
                  "input": {
                    "Get": {
                      "id": {
                        "Local": 0
                      },
                      "typ": {
                        "column_types": [],
                        "keys": [
                          []
                        ]
                      },
                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                    }
                  },
                  "scalars": [
                    {
                      "Literal": [
                        {
                          "Ok": {
                            "data": [
                              45,
                              3
                            ]
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": false
                        }
                      ]
                    },
                    {
                      "Literal": [
                        {
                          "Ok": {
                            "data": [
                              45,
                              4
                            ]
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": false
                        }
                      ]
                    }
                  ]
                }
              },
              "outputs": [
                0,
                1
              ]
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test basic linear chains.
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT 1, a + b as c FROM mv WHERE a > 0 and b < 0 and a + b > 0
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Project": {
        "input": {
          "Map": {
            "input": {
              "Let": {
                "id": 1,
                "value": {
                  "Filter": {
                    "input": {
                      "Join": {
                        "inputs": [
                          {
                            "Get": {
                              "id": {
                                "Local": 0
                              },
                              "typ": {
                                "column_types": [],
                                "keys": [
                                  []
                                ]
                              },
                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "Get": {
                              "id": {
                                "Global": {
                                  "User": 5
                                }
                              },
                              "typ": {
                                "column_types": [
                                  {
                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                    "nullable": false
                                  },
                                  {
                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                    "nullable": true
                                  }
                                ],
                                "keys": []
                              },
                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                            }
                          }
                        ],
                        "equivalences": [],
                        "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                      }
                    },
                    "predicates": [
                      {
                        "CallVariadic": {
                          "func": "And",
                          "exprs": [
                            {
                              "CallVariadic": {
                                "func": "And",
                                "exprs": [
                                  {
                                    "CallBinary": {
                                      "func": "Gt",
                                      "expr1": {
                                        "Column": [
                                          0,
                                          "a"
                                        ]
                                      },
                                      "expr2": {
                                        "Literal": [
                                          {
                                            "Ok": {
                                              "data": [
                                                44
                                              ]
                                            }
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": false
                                          }
                                        ]
                                      }
                                    }
                                  },
                                  {
                                    "CallBinary": {
                                      "func": "Lt",
                                      "expr1": {
                                        "Column": [
                                          1,
                                          "b"
                                        ]
                                      },
                                      "expr2": {
                                        "Literal": [
                                          {
                                            "Ok": {
                                              "data": [
                                                44
                                              ]
                                            }
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": false
                                          }
                                        ]
                                      }
                                    }
                                  }
                                ]
                              }
                            },
                            {
                              "CallBinary": {
                                "func": "Gt",
                                "expr1": {
                                  "CallBinary": {
                                    "func": "AddInt32",
                                    "expr1": {
                                      "Column": [
                                        0,
                                        "a"
                                      ]
                                    },
                                    "expr2": {
                                      "Column": [
                                        1,
                                        "b"
                                      ]
                                    }
                                  }
                                },
                                "expr2": {
                                  "Literal": [
                                    {
                                      "Ok": {
                                        "data": [
                                          44
                                        ]
                                      }
                                    },
                                    {
                                      "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                      "nullable": false
                                    }
                                  ]
                                }
                              }
                            }
                          ]
                        }
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                },
                "body": {
                  "Get": {
                    "id": {
                      "Local": 1
                    },
                    "typ": {
                      "column_types": [
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": false
                        },
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": true
                        }
                      ],
                      "keys": []
                    },
                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                  }
                }
              }
            },
            "scalars": [
              {
                "Literal": [
                  {
                    "Ok": {
                      "data": [
                        45,
                        1
                      ]
                    }
                  },
                  {
                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                    "nullable": false
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "CallBinary": {
                  "func": "AddInt32",
                  "expr1": {
                    "Column": [
                      0,
                      "a"
                    ]
                  },
                  "expr2": {
                    "Column": [
                      1,
                      "b"
                    ]
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "outputs": [
          2,
          3
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test table functions in the select clause (FlatMap).
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT generate_series(a, b) from t
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Project": {
        "input": {
          "Let": {
            "id": 1,
            "value": {
              "Join": {
                "inputs": [
                  {
                    "Get": {
                      "id": {
                        "Local": 0
                      },
                      "typ": {
                        "column_types": [],
                        "keys": [
                          []
                        ]
                      },
                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                    }
                  },
                  {
                    "Get": {
                      "id": {
                        "Global": {
                          "User": 1
                        }
                      },
                      "typ": {
                        "column_types": [
                          {
                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                            "nullable": true
                          },
                          {
                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                            "nullable": true
                          }
                        ],
                        "keys": []
                      },
                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                    }
                  }
                ],
                "equivalences": [],
                "implementation": "Unimplemented"
              }
            },
            "body": {
              "FlatMap": {
                "input": {
                  "Get": {
                    "id": {
                      "Local": 1
                    },
                    "typ": {
                      "column_types": [
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": true
                        },
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": true
                        }
                      ],
                      "keys": []
                    },
                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                  }
                },
                "func": "GenerateSeriesInt32",
                "exprs": [
                  {
                    "Column": [
                      0,
                      "a"
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "Column": [
                      1,
                      "b"
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "Literal": [
                      {
                        "Ok": {
                          "data": [
                            45,
                            1
                          ]
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                        "nullable": false
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "outputs": [
          2
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test Threshold, Union, Distinct, Negate.
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT a FROM t EXCEPT SELECT b FROM mv
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Threshold": {
        "input": {
          "Union": {
            "base": {
              "Reduce": {
                "input": {
                  "Project": {
                    "input": {
                      "Join": {
                        "inputs": [
                          {
                            "Get": {
                              "id": {
                                "Local": 0
                              },
                              "typ": {
                                "column_types": [],
                                "keys": [
                                  []
                                ]
                              },
                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "Get": {
                              "id": {
                                "Global": {
                                  "User": 1
                                }
                              },
                              "typ": {
                                "column_types": [
                                  {
                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                    "nullable": true
                                  },
                                  {
                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                    "nullable": true
                                  }
                                ],
                                "keys": []
                              },
                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                            }
                          }
                        ],
                        "equivalences": [],
                        "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                      }
                    },
                    "outputs": [
                      0
                    ]
                  }
                },
                "group_key": [
                  {
                    "Column": [
                      0,
                      null
                    ]
                  }
                ],
                "aggregates": [],
                "monotonic": false,
                "expected_group_size": null
              }
            },
            "inputs": [
              {
                "Negate": {
                  "input": {
                    "Reduce": {
                      "input": {
                        "Project": {
                          "input": {
                            "Join": {
                              "inputs": [
                                {
                                  "Get": {
                                    "id": {
                                      "Local": 0
                                    },
                                    "typ": {
                                      "column_types": [],
                                      "keys": [
                                        []
                                      ]
                                    },
                                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                  }
                                },
                                {
                                  "Get": {
                                    "id": {
                                      "Global": {
                                        "User": 5
                                      }
                                    },
                                    "typ": {
                                      "column_types": [
                                        {
                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                          "nullable": false
                                        },
                                        {
                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                          "nullable": true
                                        }
                                      ],
                                      "keys": []
                                    },
                                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                  }
                                }
                              ],
                              "equivalences": [],
                              "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                            }
                          },
                          "outputs": [
                            1
                          ]
                        }
                      },
                      "group_key": [
                        {
                          "Column": [
                            0,
                            null
                          ]
                        }
                      ],
                      "aggregates": [],
                      "monotonic": false,
                      "expected_group_size": null
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test Threshold, Union, Distinct, Negate.
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT a FROM t EXCEPT ALL SELECT b FROM mv
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Threshold": {
        "input": {
          "Union": {
            "base": {
              "Project": {
                "input": {
                  "Join": {
                    "inputs": [
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Local": 0
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [],
                            "keys": [
                              []
                            ]
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Global": {
                              "User": 1
                            }
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              },
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              }
                            ],
                            "keys": []
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      }
                    ],
                    "equivalences": [],
                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                  }
                },
                "outputs": [
                  0
                ]
              }
            },
            "inputs": [
              {
                "Negate": {
                  "input": {
                    "Project": {
                      "input": {
                        "Join": {
                          "inputs": [
                            {
                              "Get": {
                                "id": {
                                  "Local": 0
                                },
                                "typ": {
                                  "column_types": [],
                                  "keys": [
                                    []
                                  ]
                                },
                                "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                              }
                            },
                            {
                              "Get": {
                                "id": {
                                  "Global": {
                                    "User": 5
                                  }
                                },
                                "typ": {
                                  "column_types": [
                                    {
                                      "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                      "nullable": false
                                    },
                                    {
                                      "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                      "nullable": true
                                    }
                                  ],
                                  "keys": []
                                },
                                "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                              }
                            }
                          ],
                          "equivalences": [],
                          "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                        }
                      },
                      "outputs": [
                        1
                      ]
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test Finish.
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY b asc, a desc LIMIT 5
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Join": {
        "inputs": [
          {
            "Get": {
              "id": {
                "Local": 0
              },
              "typ": {
                "column_types": [],
                "keys": [
                  []
                ]
              },
              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
            }
          },
          {
            "Get": {
              "id": {
                "Global": {
                  "User": 1
                }
              },
              "typ": {
                "column_types": [
                  {
                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                    "nullable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                    "nullable": true
                  }
                ],
                "keys": []
              },
              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
            }
          }
        ],
        "equivalences": [],
        "implementation": "Unimplemented"
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test Reduce (global).
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT abs(min(a) - max(a)) FROM t
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Project": {
        "input": {
          "Map": {
            "input": {
              "Let": {
                "id": 2,
                "value": {
                  "Let": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "value": {
                      "Reduce": {
                        "input": {
                          "Join": {
                            "inputs": [
                              {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Local": 0
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [],
                                    "keys": [
                                      []
                                    ]
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              },
                              {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Global": {
                                      "User": 1
                                    }
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "keys": []
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              }
                            ],
                            "equivalences": [],
                            "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                          }
                        },
                        "group_key": [],
                        "aggregates": [
                          {
                            "func": "MinInt32",
                            "expr": {
                              "Column": [
                                0,
                                "a"
                              ]
                            },
                            "distinct": false
                          },
                          {
                            "func": "MaxInt32",
                            "expr": {
                              "Column": [
                                0,
                                "a"
                              ]
                            },
                            "distinct": false
                          }
                        ],
                        "monotonic": false,
                        "expected_group_size": null
                      }
                    },
                    "body": {
                      "Union": {
                        "base": {
                          "Get": {
                            "id": {
                              "Local": 1
                            },
                            "typ": {
                              "column_types": [
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                },
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                }
                              ],
                              "keys": [
                                []
                              ]
                            },
                            "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                          }
                        },
                        "inputs": [
                          {
                            "Join": {
                              "inputs": [
                                {
                                  "Project": {
                                    "input": {
                                      "Join": {
                                        "inputs": [
                                          {
                                            "Union": {
                                              "base": {
                                                "Negate": {
                                                  "input": {
                                                    "Reduce": {
                                                      "input": {
                                                        "Get": {
                                                          "id": {
                                                            "Local": 1
                                                          },
                                                          "typ": {
                                                            "column_types": [
                                                              {
                                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                "nullable": true
                                                              },
                                                              {
                                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                "nullable": true
                                                              }
                                                            ],
                                                            "keys": [
                                                              []
                                                            ]
                                                          },
                                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                        }
                                                      },
                                                      "group_key": [],
                                                      "aggregates": [],
                                                      "monotonic": false,
                                                      "expected_group_size": null
                                                    }
                                                  }
                                                }
                                              },
                                              "inputs": [
                                                {
                                                  "Reduce": {
                                                    "input": {
                                                      "Get": {
                                                        "id": {
                                                          "Local": 0
                                                        },
                                                        "typ": {
                                                          "column_types": [],
                                                          "keys": [
                                                            []
                                                          ]
                                                        },
                                                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                      }
                                                    },
                                                    "group_key": [],
                                                    "aggregates": [],
                                                    "monotonic": false,
                                                    "expected_group_size": null
                                                  }
                                                }
                                              ]
                                            }
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "Get": {
                                              "id": {
                                                "Local": 0
                                              },
                                              "typ": {
                                                "column_types": [],
                                                "keys": [
                                                  []
                                                ]
                                              },
                                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                            }
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "equivalences": [],
                                        "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                      }
                                    },
                                    "outputs": []
                                  }
                                },
                                {
                                  "Constant": {
                                    "rows": {
                                      "Ok": [
                                        [
                                          {
                                            "data": [
                                              0,
                                              0
                                            ]
                                          },
                                          1
                                        ]
                                      ]
                                    },
                                    "typ": {
                                      "column_types": [
                                        {
                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                          "nullable": true
                                        },
                                        {
                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                          "nullable": true
                                        }
                                      ],
                                      "keys": []
                                    }
                                  }
                                }
                              ],
                              "equivalences": [],
                              "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                            }
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  }
                },
                "body": {
                  "Get": {
                    "id": {
                      "Local": 2
                    },
                    "typ": {
                      "column_types": [
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": true
                        },
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": true
                        }
                      ],
                      "keys": []
                    },
                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                  }
                }
              }
            },
            "scalars": [
              {
                "CallUnary": {
                  "func": {
                    "AbsInt32": null
                  },
                  "expr": {
                    "CallBinary": {
                      "func": "SubInt32",
                      "expr1": {
                        "Column": [
                          0,
                          "?column?"
                        ]
                      },
                      "expr2": {
                        "Column": [
                          1,
                          "?column?"
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "outputs": [
          2
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test Reduce (local).
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT abs(min(a) - max(a)) FROM t GROUP BY b
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Project": {
        "input": {
          "Map": {
            "input": {
              "Let": {
                "id": 2,
                "value": {
                  "Reduce": {
                    "input": {
                      "Project": {
                        "input": {
                          "Map": {
                            "input": {
                              "Let": {
                                "id": 1,
                                "value": {
                                  "Join": {
                                    "inputs": [
                                      {
                                        "Get": {
                                          "id": {
                                            "Local": 0
                                          },
                                          "typ": {
                                            "column_types": [],
                                            "keys": [
                                              []
                                            ]
                                          },
                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                        }
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "Get": {
                                          "id": {
                                            "Global": {
                                              "User": 1
                                            }
                                          },
                                          "typ": {
                                            "column_types": [
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              },
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              }
                                            ],
                                            "keys": []
                                          },
                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                        }
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "equivalences": [],
                                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                  }
                                },
                                "body": {
                                  "Get": {
                                    "id": {
                                      "Local": 1
                                    },
                                    "typ": {
                                      "column_types": [
                                        {
                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                          "nullable": true
                                        },
                                        {
                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                          "nullable": true
                                        }
                                      ],
                                      "keys": []
                                    },
                                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                  }
                                }
                              }
                            },
                            "scalars": [
                              {
                                "Column": [
                                  1,
                                  "b"
                                ]
                              }
                            ]
                          }
                        },
                        "outputs": [
                          0,
                          1,
                          2
                        ]
                      }
                    },
                    "group_key": [
                      {
                        "Column": [
                          2,
                          null
                        ]
                      }
                    ],
                    "aggregates": [
                      {
                        "func": "MinInt32",
                        "expr": {
                          "Column": [
                            0,
                            "a"
                          ]
                        },
                        "distinct": false
                      },
                      {
                        "func": "MaxInt32",
                        "expr": {
                          "Column": [
                            0,
                            "a"
                          ]
                        },
                        "distinct": false
                      }
                    ],
                    "monotonic": false,
                    "expected_group_size": null
                  }
                },
                "body": {
                  "Get": {
                    "id": {
                      "Local": 2
                    },
                    "typ": {
                      "column_types": [
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": true
                        },
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": true
                        },
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": true
                        }
                      ],
                      "keys": [
                        [
                          0
                        ]
                      ]
                    },
                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                  }
                }
              }
            },
            "scalars": [
              {
                "CallUnary": {
                  "func": {
                    "AbsInt32": null
                  },
                  "expr": {
                    "CallBinary": {
                      "func": "SubInt32",
                      "expr1": {
                        "Column": [
                          1,
                          "?column?"
                        ]
                      },
                      "expr2": {
                        "Column": [
                          2,
                          "?column?"
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "outputs": [
          3
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test EXISTS subqueries.
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT * FROM t WHERE EXISTS(SELECT * FROM mv WHERE t.a < mv.a) AND EXISTS(SELECT * FROM mv WHERE t.b > mv.b)
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Project": {
        "input": {
          "Filter": {
            "input": {
              "Let": {
                "id": 4,
                "value": {
                  "Project": {
                    "input": {
                      "Filter": {
                        "input": {
                          "Let": {
                            "id": 1,
                            "value": {
                              "Filter": {
                                "input": {
                                  "Join": {
                                    "inputs": [
                                      {
                                        "Get": {
                                          "id": {
                                            "Local": 0
                                          },
                                          "typ": {
                                            "column_types": [],
                                            "keys": [
                                              []
                                            ]
                                          },
                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                        }
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "Get": {
                                          "id": {
                                            "Global": {
                                              "User": 1
                                            }
                                          },
                                          "typ": {
                                            "column_types": [
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              },
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              }
                                            ],
                                            "keys": []
                                          },
                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                        }
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "equivalences": [],
                                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                  }
                                },
                                "predicates": [
                                  {
                                    "CallVariadic": {
                                      "func": "And",
                                      "exprs": [
                                        {
                                          "Literal": [
                                            {
                                              "Ok": {
                                                "data": [
                                                  2
                                                ]
                                              }
                                            },
                                            {
                                              "scalar_type": "Bool",
                                              "nullable": false
                                            }
                                          ]
                                        },
                                        {
                                          "Literal": [
                                            {
                                              "Ok": {
                                                "data": [
                                                  2
                                                ]
                                              }
                                            },
                                            {
                                              "scalar_type": "Bool",
                                              "nullable": false
                                            }
                                          ]
                                        }
                                      ]
                                    }
                                  }
                                ]
                              }
                            },
                            "body": {
                              "Let": {
                                "id": 2,
                                "value": {
                                  "Reduce": {
                                    "input": {
                                      "Get": {
                                        "id": {
                                          "Local": 1
                                        },
                                        "typ": {
                                          "column_types": [
                                            {
                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                              "nullable": true
                                            },
                                            {
                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                              "nullable": true
                                            }
                                          ],
                                          "keys": []
                                        },
                                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                      }
                                    },
                                    "group_key": [
                                      {
                                        "Column": [
                                          0,
                                          null
                                        ]
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "aggregates": [],
                                    "monotonic": false,
                                    "expected_group_size": null
                                  }
                                },
                                "body": {
                                  "Project": {
                                    "input": {
                                      "Join": {
                                        "inputs": [
                                          {
                                            "Get": {
                                              "id": {
                                                "Local": 1
                                              },
                                              "typ": {
                                                "column_types": [
                                                  {
                                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                    "nullable": true
                                                  },
                                                  {
                                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                    "nullable": true
                                                  }
                                                ],
                                                "keys": []
                                              },
                                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                            }
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "Let": {
                                              "id": 3,
                                              "value": {
                                                "Map": {
                                                  "input": {
                                                    "Reduce": {
                                                      "input": {
                                                        "Filter": {
                                                          "input": {
                                                            "Join": {
                                                              "inputs": [
                                                                {
                                                                  "Get": {
                                                                    "id": {
                                                                      "Local": 2
                                                                    },
                                                                    "typ": {
                                                                      "column_types": [
                                                                        {
                                                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                          "nullable": true
                                                                        }
                                                                      ],
                                                                      "keys": [
                                                                        [
                                                                          0
                                                                        ]
                                                                      ]
                                                                    },
                                                                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                  }
                                                                },
                                                                {
                                                                  "Get": {
                                                                    "id": {
                                                                      "Global": {
                                                                        "User": 5
                                                                      }
                                                                    },
                                                                    "typ": {
                                                                      "column_types": [
                                                                        {
                                                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                          "nullable": false
                                                                        },
                                                                        {
                                                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                          "nullable": true
                                                                        }
                                                                      ],
                                                                      "keys": []
                                                                    },
                                                                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                  }
                                                                }
                                                              ],
                                                              "equivalences": [],
                                                              "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                            }
                                                          },
                                                          "predicates": [
                                                            {
                                                              "CallBinary": {
                                                                "func": "Lt",
                                                                "expr1": {
                                                                  "Column": [
                                                                    0,
                                                                    "a"
                                                                  ]
                                                                },
                                                                "expr2": {
                                                                  "Column": [
                                                                    1,
                                                                    "a"
                                                                  ]
                                                                }
                                                              }
                                                            }
                                                          ]
                                                        }
                                                      },
                                                      "group_key": [
                                                        {
                                                          "Column": [
                                                            0,
                                                            null
                                                          ]
                                                        }
                                                      ],
                                                      "aggregates": [],
                                                      "monotonic": false,
                                                      "expected_group_size": null
                                                    }
                                                  },
                                                  "scalars": [
                                                    {
                                                      "Literal": [
                                                        {
                                                          "Ok": {
                                                            "data": [
                                                              2
                                                            ]
                                                          }
                                                        },
                                                        {
                                                          "scalar_type": "Bool",
                                                          "nullable": false
                                                        }
                                                      ]
                                                    }
                                                  ]
                                                }
                                              },
                                              "body": {
                                                "Union": {
                                                  "base": {
                                                    "Get": {
                                                      "id": {
                                                        "Local": 3
                                                      },
                                                      "typ": {
                                                        "column_types": [
                                                          {
                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                            "nullable": false
                                                          },
                                                          {
                                                            "scalar_type": "Bool",
                                                            "nullable": false
                                                          }
                                                        ],
                                                        "keys": [
                                                          [
                                                            0
                                                          ]
                                                        ]
                                                      },
                                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                    }
                                                  },
                                                  "inputs": [
                                                    {
                                                      "Join": {
                                                        "inputs": [
                                                          {
                                                            "Project": {
                                                              "input": {
                                                                "Join": {
                                                                  "inputs": [
                                                                    {
                                                                      "Union": {
                                                                        "base": {
                                                                          "Negate": {
                                                                            "input": {
                                                                              "Reduce": {
                                                                                "input": {
                                                                                  "Get": {
                                                                                    "id": {
                                                                                      "Local": 3
                                                                                    },
                                                                                    "typ": {
                                                                                      "column_types": [
                                                                                        {
                                                                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                                          "nullable": false
                                                                                        },
                                                                                        {
                                                                                          "scalar_type": "Bool",
                                                                                          "nullable": false
                                                                                        }
                                                                                      ],
                                                                                      "keys": [
                                                                                        [
                                                                                          0
                                                                                        ]
                                                                                      ]
                                                                                    },
                                                                                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                                  }
                                                                                },
                                                                                "group_key": [
                                                                                  {
                                                                                    "Column": [
                                                                                      0,
                                                                                      null
                                                                                    ]
                                                                                  }
                                                                                ],
                                                                                "aggregates": [],
                                                                                "monotonic": false,
                                                                                "expected_group_size": null
                                                                              }
                                                                            }
                                                                          }
                                                                        },
                                                                        "inputs": [
                                                                          {
                                                                            "Reduce": {
                                                                              "input": {
                                                                                "Get": {
                                                                                  "id": {
                                                                                    "Local": 2
                                                                                  },
                                                                                  "typ": {
                                                                                    "column_types": [
                                                                                      {
                                                                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                                        "nullable": true
                                                                                      }
                                                                                    ],
                                                                                    "keys": [
                                                                                      [
                                                                                        0
                                                                                      ]
                                                                                    ]
                                                                                  },
                                                                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                                }
                                                                              },
                                                                              "group_key": [
                                                                                {
                                                                                  "Column": [
                                                                                    0,
                                                                                    null
                                                                                  ]
                                                                                }
                                                                              ],
                                                                              "aggregates": [],
                                                                              "monotonic": false,
                                                                              "expected_group_size": null
                                                                            }
                                                                          }
                                                                        ]
                                                                      }
                                                                    },
                                                                    {
                                                                      "Get": {
                                                                        "id": {
                                                                          "Local": 2
                                                                        },
                                                                        "typ": {
                                                                          "column_types": [
                                                                            {
                                                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                              "nullable": true
                                                                            }
                                                                          ],
                                                                          "keys": [
                                                                            [
                                                                              0
                                                                            ]
                                                                          ]
                                                                        },
                                                                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                      }
                                                                    }
                                                                  ],
                                                                  "equivalences": [
                                                                    [
                                                                      {
                                                                        "Column": [
                                                                          0,
                                                                          null
                                                                        ]
                                                                      },
                                                                      {
                                                                        "Column": [
                                                                          1,
                                                                          null
                                                                        ]
                                                                      }
                                                                    ]
                                                                  ],
                                                                  "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                                }
                                                              },
                                                              "outputs": [
                                                                0
                                                              ]
                                                            }
                                                          },
                                                          {
                                                            "Constant": {
                                                              "rows": {
                                                                "Ok": [
                                                                  [
                                                                    {
                                                                      "data": [
                                                                        1
                                                                      ]
                                                                    },
                                                                    1
                                                                  ]
                                                                ]
                                                              },
                                                              "typ": {
                                                                "column_types": [
                                                                  {
                                                                    "scalar_type": "Bool",
                                                                    "nullable": false
                                                                  }
                                                                ],
                                                                "keys": []
                                                              }
                                                            }
                                                          }
                                                        ],
                                                        "equivalences": [],
                                                        "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                      }
                                                    }
                                                  ]
                                                }
                                              }
                                            }
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "equivalences": [
                                          [
                                            {
                                              "Column": [
                                                0,
                                                null
                                              ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                              "Column": [
                                                2,
                                                null
                                              ]
                                            }
                                          ]
                                        ],
                                        "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                      }
                                    },
                                    "outputs": [
                                      0,
                                      1,
                                      3
                                    ]
                                  }
                                }
                              }
                            }
                          }
                        },
                        "predicates": [
                          {
                            "Column": [
                              2,
                              null
                            ]
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    },
                    "outputs": [
                      0,
                      1
                    ]
                  }
                },
                "body": {
                  "Let": {
                    "id": 5,
                    "value": {
                      "Reduce": {
                        "input": {
                          "Get": {
                            "id": {
                              "Local": 4
                            },
                            "typ": {
                              "column_types": [
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                },
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                }
                              ],
                              "keys": []
                            },
                            "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                          }
                        },
                        "group_key": [
                          {
                            "Column": [
                              1,
                              null
                            ]
                          }
                        ],
                        "aggregates": [],
                        "monotonic": false,
                        "expected_group_size": null
                      }
                    },
                    "body": {
                      "Project": {
                        "input": {
                          "Join": {
                            "inputs": [
                              {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Local": 4
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "keys": []
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              },
                              {
                                "Let": {
                                  "id": 6,
                                  "value": {
                                    "Map": {
                                      "input": {
                                        "Reduce": {
                                          "input": {
                                            "Filter": {
                                              "input": {
                                                "Join": {
                                                  "inputs": [
                                                    {
                                                      "Get": {
                                                        "id": {
                                                          "Local": 5
                                                        },
                                                        "typ": {
                                                          "column_types": [
                                                            {
                                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                              "nullable": true
                                                            }
                                                          ],
                                                          "keys": [
                                                            [
                                                              0
                                                            ]
                                                          ]
                                                        },
                                                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                      }
                                                    },
                                                    {
                                                      "Get": {
                                                        "id": {
                                                          "Global": {
                                                            "User": 5
                                                          }
                                                        },
                                                        "typ": {
                                                          "column_types": [
                                                            {
                                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                              "nullable": false
                                                            },
                                                            {
                                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                              "nullable": true
                                                            }
                                                          ],
                                                          "keys": []
                                                        },
                                                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                      }
                                                    }
                                                  ],
                                                  "equivalences": [],
                                                  "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                }
                                              },
                                              "predicates": [
                                                {
                                                  "CallBinary": {
                                                    "func": "Gt",
                                                    "expr1": {
                                                      "Column": [
                                                        0,
                                                        "b"
                                                      ]
                                                    },
                                                    "expr2": {
                                                      "Column": [
                                                        2,
                                                        "b"
                                                      ]
                                                    }
                                                  }
                                                }
                                              ]
                                            }
                                          },
                                          "group_key": [
                                            {
                                              "Column": [
                                                0,
                                                null
                                              ]
                                            }
                                          ],
                                          "aggregates": [],
                                          "monotonic": false,
                                          "expected_group_size": null
                                        }
                                      },
                                      "scalars": [
                                        {
                                          "Literal": [
                                            {
                                              "Ok": {
                                                "data": [
                                                  2
                                                ]
                                              }
                                            },
                                            {
                                              "scalar_type": "Bool",
                                              "nullable": false
                                            }
                                          ]
                                        }
                                      ]
                                    }
                                  },
                                  "body": {
                                    "Union": {
                                      "base": {
                                        "Get": {
                                          "id": {
                                            "Local": 6
                                          },
                                          "typ": {
                                            "column_types": [
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": false
                                              },
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Bool",
                                                "nullable": false
                                              }
                                            ],
                                            "keys": [
                                              [
                                                0
                                              ]
                                            ]
                                          },
                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                        }
                                      },
                                      "inputs": [
                                        {
                                          "Join": {
                                            "inputs": [
                                              {
                                                "Project": {
                                                  "input": {
                                                    "Join": {
                                                      "inputs": [
                                                        {
                                                          "Union": {
                                                            "base": {
                                                              "Negate": {
                                                                "input": {
                                                                  "Reduce": {
                                                                    "input": {
                                                                      "Get": {
                                                                        "id": {
                                                                          "Local": 6
                                                                        },
                                                                        "typ": {
                                                                          "column_types": [
                                                                            {
                                                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                              "nullable": false
                                                                            },
                                                                            {
                                                                              "scalar_type": "Bool",
                                                                              "nullable": false
                                                                            }
                                                                          ],
                                                                          "keys": [
                                                                            [
                                                                              0
                                                                            ]
                                                                          ]
                                                                        },
                                                                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                      }
                                                                    },
                                                                    "group_key": [
                                                                      {
                                                                        "Column": [
                                                                          0,
                                                                          null
                                                                        ]
                                                                      }
                                                                    ],
                                                                    "aggregates": [],
                                                                    "monotonic": false,
                                                                    "expected_group_size": null
                                                                  }
                                                                }
                                                              }
                                                            },
                                                            "inputs": [
                                                              {
                                                                "Reduce": {
                                                                  "input": {
                                                                    "Get": {
                                                                      "id": {
                                                                        "Local": 5
                                                                      },
                                                                      "typ": {
                                                                        "column_types": [
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                            "nullable": true
                                                                          }
                                                                        ],
                                                                        "keys": [
                                                                          [
                                                                            0
                                                                          ]
                                                                        ]
                                                                      },
                                                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                    }
                                                                  },
                                                                  "group_key": [
                                                                    {
                                                                      "Column": [
                                                                        0,
                                                                        null
                                                                      ]
                                                                    }
                                                                  ],
                                                                  "aggregates": [],
                                                                  "monotonic": false,
                                                                  "expected_group_size": null
                                                                }
                                                              }
                                                            ]
                                                          }
                                                        },
                                                        {
                                                          "Get": {
                                                            "id": {
                                                              "Local": 5
                                                            },
                                                            "typ": {
                                                              "column_types": [
                                                                {
                                                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                  "nullable": true
                                                                }
                                                              ],
                                                              "keys": [
                                                                [
                                                                  0
                                                                ]
                                                              ]
                                                            },
                                                            "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                          }
                                                        }
                                                      ],
                                                      "equivalences": [
                                                        [
                                                          {
                                                            "Column": [
                                                              0,
                                                              null
                                                            ]
                                                          },
                                                          {
                                                            "Column": [
                                                              1,
                                                              null
                                                            ]
                                                          }
                                                        ]
                                                      ],
                                                      "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                    }
                                                  },
                                                  "outputs": [
                                                    0
                                                  ]
                                                }
                                              },
                                              {
                                                "Constant": {
                                                  "rows": {
                                                    "Ok": [
                                                      [
                                                        {
                                                          "data": [
                                                            1
                                                          ]
                                                        },
                                                        1
                                                      ]
                                                    ]
                                                  },
                                                  "typ": {
                                                    "column_types": [
                                                      {
                                                        "scalar_type": "Bool",
                                                        "nullable": false
                                                      }
                                                    ],
                                                    "keys": []
                                                  }
                                                }
                                              }
                                            ],
                                            "equivalences": [],
                                            "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                          }
                                        }
                                      ]
                                    }
                                  }
                                }
                              }
                            ],
                            "equivalences": [
                              [
                                {
                                  "Column": [
                                    1,
                                    null
                                  ]
                                },
                                {
                                  "Column": [
                                    2,
                                    null
                                  ]
                                }
                              ]
                            ],
                            "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                          }
                        },
                        "outputs": [
                          0,
                          1,
                          3
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            },
            "predicates": [
              {
                "Column": [
                  2,
                  null
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "outputs": [
          0,
          1
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test SELECT subqueries.
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT (SELECT v.a FROM v WHERE v.b = t.b LIMIT 1), (SELECT mv.a FROM mv WHERE mv.b = t.b LIMIT 1) FROM t
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Project": {
        "input": {
          "Map": {
            "input": {
              "Let": {
                "id": 1,
                "value": {
                  "Join": {
                    "inputs": [
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Local": 0
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [],
                            "keys": [
                              []
                            ]
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Global": {
                              "User": 1
                            }
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              },
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              }
                            ],
                            "keys": []
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      }
                    ],
                    "equivalences": [],
                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                  }
                },
                "body": {
                  "Join": {
                    "inputs": [
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Local": 1
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              },
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              }
                            ],
                            "keys": []
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "Let": {
                          "id": 2,
                          "value": {
                            "Reduce": {
                              "input": {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Local": 1
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "keys": []
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              },
                              "group_key": [
                                {
                                  "Column": [
                                    0,
                                    null
                                  ]
                                },
                                {
                                  "Column": [
                                    1,
                                    null
                                  ]
                                }
                              ],
                              "aggregates": [],
                              "monotonic": false,
                              "expected_group_size": null
                            }
                          },
                          "body": {
                            "Let": {
                              "id": 3,
                              "value": {
                                "Reduce": {
                                  "input": {
                                    "Get": {
                                      "id": {
                                        "Local": 2
                                      },
                                      "typ": {
                                        "column_types": [
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "keys": [
                                          [
                                            0,
                                            1
                                          ]
                                        ]
                                      },
                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                    }
                                  },
                                  "group_key": [
                                    {
                                      "Column": [
                                        1,
                                        null
                                      ]
                                    }
                                  ],
                                  "aggregates": [],
                                  "monotonic": false,
                                  "expected_group_size": null
                                }
                              },
                              "body": {
                                "Project": {
                                  "input": {
                                    "Join": {
                                      "inputs": [
                                        {
                                          "Get": {
                                            "id": {
                                              "Local": 2
                                            },
                                            "typ": {
                                              "column_types": [
                                                {
                                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                  "nullable": true
                                                },
                                                {
                                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                  "nullable": true
                                                }
                                              ],
                                              "keys": [
                                                [
                                                  0,
                                                  1
                                                ]
                                              ]
                                            },
                                            "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                          }
                                        },
                                        {
                                          "Let": {
                                            "id": 5,
                                            "value": {
                                              "Let": {
                                                "id": 4,
                                                "value": {
                                                  "Project": {
                                                    "input": {
                                                      "TopK": {
                                                        "input": {
                                                          "Filter": {
                                                            "input": {
                                                              "Join": {
                                                                "inputs": [
                                                                  {
                                                                    "Get": {
                                                                      "id": {
                                                                        "Local": 3
                                                                      },
                                                                      "typ": {
                                                                        "column_types": [
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                            "nullable": true
                                                                          }
                                                                        ],
                                                                        "keys": [
                                                                          [
                                                                            0
                                                                          ]
                                                                        ]
                                                                      },
                                                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                    }
                                                                  },
                                                                  {
                                                                    "Get": {
                                                                      "id": {
                                                                        "Global": {
                                                                          "User": 3
                                                                        }
                                                                      },
                                                                      "typ": {
                                                                        "column_types": [
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                            "nullable": false
                                                                          },
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                            "nullable": true
                                                                          }
                                                                        ],
                                                                        "keys": []
                                                                      },
                                                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                    }
                                                                  }
                                                                ],
                                                                "equivalences": [],
                                                                "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                              }
                                                            },
                                                            "predicates": [
                                                              {
                                                                "CallBinary": {
                                                                  "func": "Eq",
                                                                  "expr1": {
                                                                    "Column": [
                                                                      2,
                                                                      "b"
                                                                    ]
                                                                  },
                                                                  "expr2": {
                                                                    "Column": [
                                                                      0,
                                                                      "b"
                                                                    ]
                                                                  }
                                                                }
                                                              }
                                                            ]
                                                          }
                                                        },
                                                        "group_key": [
                                                          0
                                                        ],
                                                        "order_key": [],
                                                        "limit": {
                                                          "Literal": [
                                                            {
                                                              "Ok": {
                                                                "data": [
                                                                  50,
                                                                  1
                                                                ]
                                                              }
                                                            },
                                                            {
                                                              "scalar_type": "Int64",
                                                              "nullable": false
                                                            }
                                                          ]
                                                        },
                                                        "offset": 0,
                                                        "monotonic": false,
                                                        "expected_group_size": null
                                                      }
                                                    },
                                                    "outputs": [
                                                      0,
                                                      1
                                                    ]
                                                  }
                                                },
                                                "body": {
                                                  "Union": {
                                                    "base": {
                                                      "Get": {
                                                        "id": {
                                                          "Local": 4
                                                        },
                                                        "typ": {
                                                          "column_types": [
                                                            {
                                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                              "nullable": false
                                                            },
                                                            {
                                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                              "nullable": false
                                                            }
                                                          ],
                                                          "keys": [
                                                            [
                                                              0
                                                            ]
                                                          ]
                                                        },
                                                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                      }
                                                    },
                                                    "inputs": [
                                                      {
                                                        "Project": {
                                                          "input": {
                                                            "FlatMap": {
                                                              "input": {
                                                                "Reduce": {
                                                                  "input": {
                                                                    "Get": {
                                                                      "id": {
                                                                        "Local": 4
                                                                      },
                                                                      "typ": {
                                                                        "column_types": [
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                            "nullable": false
                                                                          },
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                            "nullable": false
                                                                          }
                                                                        ],
                                                                        "keys": [
                                                                          [
                                                                            0
                                                                          ]
                                                                        ]
                                                                      },
                                                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                    }
                                                                  },
                                                                  "group_key": [
                                                                    {
                                                                      "Column": [
                                                                        0,
                                                                        null
                                                                      ]
                                                                    }
                                                                  ],
                                                                  "aggregates": [
                                                                    {
                                                                      "func": "Count",
                                                                      "expr": {
                                                                        "Literal": [
                                                                          {
                                                                            "Ok": {
                                                                              "data": [
                                                                                2
                                                                              ]
                                                                            }
                                                                          },
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Bool",
                                                                            "nullable": false
                                                                          }
                                                                        ]
                                                                      },
                                                                      "distinct": false
                                                                    }
                                                                  ],
                                                                  "monotonic": false,
                                                                  "expected_group_size": null
                                                                }
                                                              },
                                                              "func": {
                                                                "GuardSubquerySize": {
                                                                  "column_type": "Int32"
                                                                }
                                                              },
                                                              "exprs": [
                                                                {
                                                                  "Column": [
                                                                    1,
                                                                    null
                                                                  ]
                                                                }
                                                              ]
                                                            }
                                                          },
                                                          "outputs": [
                                                            0,
                                                            2
                                                          ]
                                                        }
                                                      }
                                                    ]
                                                  }
                                                }
                                              }
                                            },
                                            "body": {
                                              "Union": {
                                                "base": {
                                                  "Get": {
                                                    "id": {
                                                      "Local": 5
                                                    },
                                                    "typ": {
                                                      "column_types": [
                                                        {
                                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                          "nullable": false
                                                        },
                                                        {
                                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                          "nullable": false
                                                        }
                                                      ],
                                                      "keys": []
                                                    },
                                                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                  }
                                                },
                                                "inputs": [
                                                  {
                                                    "Join": {
                                                      "inputs": [
                                                        {
                                                          "Project": {
                                                            "input": {
                                                              "Join": {
                                                                "inputs": [
                                                                  {
                                                                    "Union": {
                                                                      "base": {
                                                                        "Negate": {
                                                                          "input": {
                                                                            "Reduce": {
                                                                              "input": {
                                                                                "Get": {
                                                                                  "id": {
                                                                                    "Local": 5
                                                                                  },
                                                                                  "typ": {
                                                                                    "column_types": [
                                                                                      {
                                                                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                                        "nullable": false
                                                                                      },
                                                                                      {
                                                                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                                        "nullable": false
                                                                                      }
                                                                                    ],
                                                                                    "keys": []
                                                                                  },
                                                                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                                }
                                                                              },
                                                                              "group_key": [
                                                                                {
                                                                                  "Column": [
                                                                                    0,
                                                                                    null
                                                                                  ]
                                                                                }
                                                                              ],
                                                                              "aggregates": [],
                                                                              "monotonic": false,
                                                                              "expected_group_size": null
                                                                            }
                                                                          }
                                                                        }
                                                                      },
                                                                      "inputs": [
                                                                        {
                                                                          "Reduce": {
                                                                            "input": {
                                                                              "Get": {
                                                                                "id": {
                                                                                  "Local": 3
                                                                                },
                                                                                "typ": {
                                                                                  "column_types": [
                                                                                    {
                                                                                      "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                                      "nullable": true
                                                                                    }
                                                                                  ],
                                                                                  "keys": [
                                                                                    [
                                                                                      0
                                                                                    ]
                                                                                  ]
                                                                                },
                                                                                "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                              }
                                                                            },
                                                                            "group_key": [
                                                                              {
                                                                                "Column": [
                                                                                  0,
                                                                                  null
                                                                                ]
                                                                              }
                                                                            ],
                                                                            "aggregates": [],
                                                                            "monotonic": false,
                                                                            "expected_group_size": null
                                                                          }
                                                                        }
                                                                      ]
                                                                    }
                                                                  },
                                                                  {
                                                                    "Get": {
                                                                      "id": {
                                                                        "Local": 3
                                                                      },
                                                                      "typ": {
                                                                        "column_types": [
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                            "nullable": true
                                                                          }
                                                                        ],
                                                                        "keys": [
                                                                          [
                                                                            0
                                                                          ]
                                                                        ]
                                                                      },
                                                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                    }
                                                                  }
                                                                ],
                                                                "equivalences": [
                                                                  [
                                                                    {
                                                                      "Column": [
                                                                        0,
                                                                        null
                                                                      ]
                                                                    },
                                                                    {
                                                                      "Column": [
                                                                        1,
                                                                        null
                                                                      ]
                                                                    }
                                                                  ]
                                                                ],
                                                                "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                              }
                                                            },
                                                            "outputs": [
                                                              0
                                                            ]
                                                          }
                                                        },
                                                        {
                                                          "Constant": {
                                                            "rows": {
                                                              "Ok": [
                                                                [
                                                                  {
                                                                    "data": [
                                                                      0
                                                                    ]
                                                                  },
                                                                  1
                                                                ]
                                                              ]
                                                            },
                                                            "typ": {
                                                              "column_types": [
                                                                {
                                                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                  "nullable": true
                                                                }
                                                              ],
                                                              "keys": []
                                                            }
                                                          }
                                                        }
                                                      ],
                                                      "equivalences": [],
                                                      "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                    }
                                                  }
                                                ]
                                              }
                                            }
                                          }
                                        }
                                      ],
                                      "equivalences": [
                                        [
                                          {
                                            "Column": [
                                              1,
                                              null
                                            ]
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "Column": [
                                              2,
                                              null
                                            ]
                                          }
                                        ]
                                      ],
                                      "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                    }
                                  },
                                  "outputs": [
                                    0,
                                    1,
                                    3
                                  ]
                                }
                              }
                            }
                          }
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "Let": {
                          "id": 6,
                          "value": {
                            "Reduce": {
                              "input": {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Local": 1
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "keys": []
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              },
                              "group_key": [
                                {
                                  "Column": [
                                    0,
                                    null
                                  ]
                                },
                                {
                                  "Column": [
                                    1,
                                    null
                                  ]
                                }
                              ],
                              "aggregates": [],
                              "monotonic": false,
                              "expected_group_size": null
                            }
                          },
                          "body": {
                            "Let": {
                              "id": 7,
                              "value": {
                                "Reduce": {
                                  "input": {
                                    "Get": {
                                      "id": {
                                        "Local": 6
                                      },
                                      "typ": {
                                        "column_types": [
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "keys": [
                                          [
                                            0,
                                            1
                                          ]
                                        ]
                                      },
                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                    }
                                  },
                                  "group_key": [
                                    {
                                      "Column": [
                                        1,
                                        null
                                      ]
                                    }
                                  ],
                                  "aggregates": [],
                                  "monotonic": false,
                                  "expected_group_size": null
                                }
                              },
                              "body": {
                                "Project": {
                                  "input": {
                                    "Join": {
                                      "inputs": [
                                        {
                                          "Get": {
                                            "id": {
                                              "Local": 6
                                            },
                                            "typ": {
                                              "column_types": [
                                                {
                                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                  "nullable": true
                                                },
                                                {
                                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                  "nullable": true
                                                }
                                              ],
                                              "keys": [
                                                [
                                                  0,
                                                  1
                                                ]
                                              ]
                                            },
                                            "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                          }
                                        },
                                        {
                                          "Let": {
                                            "id": 9,
                                            "value": {
                                              "Let": {
                                                "id": 8,
                                                "value": {
                                                  "Project": {
                                                    "input": {
                                                      "TopK": {
                                                        "input": {
                                                          "Filter": {
                                                            "input": {
                                                              "Join": {
                                                                "inputs": [
                                                                  {
                                                                    "Get": {
                                                                      "id": {
                                                                        "Local": 7
                                                                      },
                                                                      "typ": {
                                                                        "column_types": [
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                            "nullable": true
                                                                          }
                                                                        ],
                                                                        "keys": [
                                                                          [
                                                                            0
                                                                          ]
                                                                        ]
                                                                      },
                                                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                    }
                                                                  },
                                                                  {
                                                                    "Get": {
                                                                      "id": {
                                                                        "Global": {
                                                                          "User": 5
                                                                        }
                                                                      },
                                                                      "typ": {
                                                                        "column_types": [
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                            "nullable": false
                                                                          },
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                            "nullable": true
                                                                          }
                                                                        ],
                                                                        "keys": []
                                                                      },
                                                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                    }
                                                                  }
                                                                ],
                                                                "equivalences": [],
                                                                "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                              }
                                                            },
                                                            "predicates": [
                                                              {
                                                                "CallBinary": {
                                                                  "func": "Eq",
                                                                  "expr1": {
                                                                    "Column": [
                                                                      2,
                                                                      "b"
                                                                    ]
                                                                  },
                                                                  "expr2": {
                                                                    "Column": [
                                                                      0,
                                                                      "b"
                                                                    ]
                                                                  }
                                                                }
                                                              }
                                                            ]
                                                          }
                                                        },
                                                        "group_key": [
                                                          0
                                                        ],
                                                        "order_key": [],
                                                        "limit": {
                                                          "Literal": [
                                                            {
                                                              "Ok": {
                                                                "data": [
                                                                  50,
                                                                  1
                                                                ]
                                                              }
                                                            },
                                                            {
                                                              "scalar_type": "Int64",
                                                              "nullable": false
                                                            }
                                                          ]
                                                        },
                                                        "offset": 0,
                                                        "monotonic": false,
                                                        "expected_group_size": null
                                                      }
                                                    },
                                                    "outputs": [
                                                      0,
                                                      1
                                                    ]
                                                  }
                                                },
                                                "body": {
                                                  "Union": {
                                                    "base": {
                                                      "Get": {
                                                        "id": {
                                                          "Local": 8
                                                        },
                                                        "typ": {
                                                          "column_types": [
                                                            {
                                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                              "nullable": false
                                                            },
                                                            {
                                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                              "nullable": false
                                                            }
                                                          ],
                                                          "keys": [
                                                            [
                                                              0
                                                            ]
                                                          ]
                                                        },
                                                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                      }
                                                    },
                                                    "inputs": [
                                                      {
                                                        "Project": {
                                                          "input": {
                                                            "FlatMap": {
                                                              "input": {
                                                                "Reduce": {
                                                                  "input": {
                                                                    "Get": {
                                                                      "id": {
                                                                        "Local": 8
                                                                      },
                                                                      "typ": {
                                                                        "column_types": [
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                            "nullable": false
                                                                          },
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                            "nullable": false
                                                                          }
                                                                        ],
                                                                        "keys": [
                                                                          [
                                                                            0
                                                                          ]
                                                                        ]
                                                                      },
                                                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                    }
                                                                  },
                                                                  "group_key": [
                                                                    {
                                                                      "Column": [
                                                                        0,
                                                                        null
                                                                      ]
                                                                    }
                                                                  ],
                                                                  "aggregates": [
                                                                    {
                                                                      "func": "Count",
                                                                      "expr": {
                                                                        "Literal": [
                                                                          {
                                                                            "Ok": {
                                                                              "data": [
                                                                                2
                                                                              ]
                                                                            }
                                                                          },
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Bool",
                                                                            "nullable": false
                                                                          }
                                                                        ]
                                                                      },
                                                                      "distinct": false
                                                                    }
                                                                  ],
                                                                  "monotonic": false,
                                                                  "expected_group_size": null
                                                                }
                                                              },
                                                              "func": {
                                                                "GuardSubquerySize": {
                                                                  "column_type": "Int32"
                                                                }
                                                              },
                                                              "exprs": [
                                                                {
                                                                  "Column": [
                                                                    1,
                                                                    null
                                                                  ]
                                                                }
                                                              ]
                                                            }
                                                          },
                                                          "outputs": [
                                                            0,
                                                            2
                                                          ]
                                                        }
                                                      }
                                                    ]
                                                  }
                                                }
                                              }
                                            },
                                            "body": {
                                              "Union": {
                                                "base": {
                                                  "Get": {
                                                    "id": {
                                                      "Local": 9
                                                    },
                                                    "typ": {
                                                      "column_types": [
                                                        {
                                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                          "nullable": false
                                                        },
                                                        {
                                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                          "nullable": false
                                                        }
                                                      ],
                                                      "keys": []
                                                    },
                                                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                  }
                                                },
                                                "inputs": [
                                                  {
                                                    "Join": {
                                                      "inputs": [
                                                        {
                                                          "Project": {
                                                            "input": {
                                                              "Join": {
                                                                "inputs": [
                                                                  {
                                                                    "Union": {
                                                                      "base": {
                                                                        "Negate": {
                                                                          "input": {
                                                                            "Reduce": {
                                                                              "input": {
                                                                                "Get": {
                                                                                  "id": {
                                                                                    "Local": 9
                                                                                  },
                                                                                  "typ": {
                                                                                    "column_types": [
                                                                                      {
                                                                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                                        "nullable": false
                                                                                      },
                                                                                      {
                                                                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                                        "nullable": false
                                                                                      }
                                                                                    ],
                                                                                    "keys": []
                                                                                  },
                                                                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                                }
                                                                              },
                                                                              "group_key": [
                                                                                {
                                                                                  "Column": [
                                                                                    0,
                                                                                    null
                                                                                  ]
                                                                                }
                                                                              ],
                                                                              "aggregates": [],
                                                                              "monotonic": false,
                                                                              "expected_group_size": null
                                                                            }
                                                                          }
                                                                        }
                                                                      },
                                                                      "inputs": [
                                                                        {
                                                                          "Reduce": {
                                                                            "input": {
                                                                              "Get": {
                                                                                "id": {
                                                                                  "Local": 7
                                                                                },
                                                                                "typ": {
                                                                                  "column_types": [
                                                                                    {
                                                                                      "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                                      "nullable": true
                                                                                    }
                                                                                  ],
                                                                                  "keys": [
                                                                                    [
                                                                                      0
                                                                                    ]
                                                                                  ]
                                                                                },
                                                                                "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                              }
                                                                            },
                                                                            "group_key": [
                                                                              {
                                                                                "Column": [
                                                                                  0,
                                                                                  null
                                                                                ]
                                                                              }
                                                                            ],
                                                                            "aggregates": [],
                                                                            "monotonic": false,
                                                                            "expected_group_size": null
                                                                          }
                                                                        }
                                                                      ]
                                                                    }
                                                                  },
                                                                  {
                                                                    "Get": {
                                                                      "id": {
                                                                        "Local": 7
                                                                      },
                                                                      "typ": {
                                                                        "column_types": [
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                            "nullable": true
                                                                          }
                                                                        ],
                                                                        "keys": [
                                                                          [
                                                                            0
                                                                          ]
                                                                        ]
                                                                      },
                                                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                    }
                                                                  }
                                                                ],
                                                                "equivalences": [
                                                                  [
                                                                    {
                                                                      "Column": [
                                                                        0,
                                                                        null
                                                                      ]
                                                                    },
                                                                    {
                                                                      "Column": [
                                                                        1,
                                                                        null
                                                                      ]
                                                                    }
                                                                  ]
                                                                ],
                                                                "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                              }
                                                            },
                                                            "outputs": [
                                                              0
                                                            ]
                                                          }
                                                        },
                                                        {
                                                          "Constant": {
                                                            "rows": {
                                                              "Ok": [
                                                                [
                                                                  {
                                                                    "data": [
                                                                      0
                                                                    ]
                                                                  },
                                                                  1
                                                                ]
                                                              ]
                                                            },
                                                            "typ": {
                                                              "column_types": [
                                                                {
                                                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                  "nullable": true
                                                                }
                                                              ],
                                                              "keys": []
                                                            }
                                                          }
                                                        }
                                                      ],
                                                      "equivalences": [],
                                                      "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                    }
                                                  }
                                                ]
                                              }
                                            }
                                          }
                                        }
                                      ],
                                      "equivalences": [
                                        [
                                          {
                                            "Column": [
                                              1,
                                              null
                                            ]
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "Column": [
                                              2,
                                              null
                                            ]
                                          }
                                        ]
                                      ],
                                      "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                    }
                                  },
                                  "outputs": [
                                    0,
                                    1,
                                    3
                                  ]
                                }
                              }
                            }
                          }
                        }
                      }
                    ],
                    "equivalences": [
                      [
                        {
                          "Column": [
                            0,
                            null
                          ]
                        },
                        {
                          "Column": [
                            2,
                            null
                          ]
                        },
                        {
                          "Column": [
                            5,
                            null
                          ]
                        }
                      ],
                      [
                        {
                          "Column": [
                            1,
                            null
                          ]
                        },
                        {
                          "Column": [
                            3,
                            null
                          ]
                        },
                        {
                          "Column": [
                            6,
                            null
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                    ],
                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                  }
                }
              }
            },
            "scalars": [
              {
                "Column": [
                  4,
                  null
                ]
              },
              {
                "Column": [
                  7,
                  null
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "outputs": [
          8,
          9
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test CrossJoin derived from a comma join without a predicate.
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT t1.a, t2.a FROM t as t1, t as t2
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Project": {
        "input": {
          "Let": {
            "id": 1,
            "value": {
              "Join": {
                "inputs": [
                  {
                    "Get": {
                      "id": {
                        "Local": 0
                      },
                      "typ": {
                        "column_types": [],
                        "keys": [
                          []
                        ]
                      },
                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                    }
                  },
                  {
                    "Get": {
                      "id": {
                        "Global": {
                          "User": 1
                        }
                      },
                      "typ": {
                        "column_types": [
                          {
                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                            "nullable": true
                          },
                          {
                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                            "nullable": true
                          }
                        ],
                        "keys": []
                      },
                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                    }
                  }
                ],
                "equivalences": [],
                "implementation": "Unimplemented"
              }
            },
            "body": {
              "Let": {
                "id": 2,
                "value": {
                  "Join": {
                    "inputs": [
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Local": 0
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [],
                            "keys": [
                              []
                            ]
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Global": {
                              "User": 1
                            }
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              },
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              }
                            ],
                            "keys": []
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      }
                    ],
                    "equivalences": [],
                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                  }
                },
                "body": {
                  "Let": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "value": {
                      "Project": {
                        "input": {
                          "Join": {
                            "inputs": [
                              {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Local": 1
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "keys": []
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              },
                              {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Local": 2
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "keys": []
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              }
                            ],
                            "equivalences": [],
                            "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                          }
                        },
                        "outputs": [
                          0,
                          1,
                          2,
                          3
                        ]
                      }
                    },
                    "body": {
                      "Get": {
                        "id": {
                          "Local": 3
                        },
                        "typ": {
                          "column_types": [
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": true
                            },
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": true
                            },
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": true
                            },
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": true
                            }
                          ],
                          "keys": []
                        },
                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                      }
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "outputs": [
          0,
          2
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test CrossJoin derived from an INNER JOIN with a trivial ON clause.
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT t1.a, t2.a FROM t as t1 INNER JOIN t as t2 ON true
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Project": {
        "input": {
          "Let": {
            "id": 1,
            "value": {
              "Join": {
                "inputs": [
                  {
                    "Get": {
                      "id": {
                        "Local": 0
                      },
                      "typ": {
                        "column_types": [],
                        "keys": [
                          []
                        ]
                      },
                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                    }
                  },
                  {
                    "Get": {
                      "id": {
                        "Global": {
                          "User": 1
                        }
                      },
                      "typ": {
                        "column_types": [
                          {
                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                            "nullable": true
                          },
                          {
                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                            "nullable": true
                          }
                        ],
                        "keys": []
                      },
                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                    }
                  }
                ],
                "equivalences": [],
                "implementation": "Unimplemented"
              }
            },
            "body": {
              "Let": {
                "id": 2,
                "value": {
                  "Join": {
                    "inputs": [
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Local": 0
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [],
                            "keys": [
                              []
                            ]
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Global": {
                              "User": 1
                            }
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              },
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              }
                            ],
                            "keys": []
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      }
                    ],
                    "equivalences": [],
                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                  }
                },
                "body": {
                  "Let": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "value": {
                      "Project": {
                        "input": {
                          "Join": {
                            "inputs": [
                              {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Local": 1
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "keys": []
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              },
                              {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Local": 2
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "keys": []
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              }
                            ],
                            "equivalences": [],
                            "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                          }
                        },
                        "outputs": [
                          0,
                          1,
                          2,
                          3
                        ]
                      }
                    },
                    "body": {
                      "Get": {
                        "id": {
                          "Local": 3
                        },
                        "typ": {
                          "column_types": [
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": true
                            },
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": true
                            },
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": true
                            },
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": true
                            }
                          ],
                          "keys": []
                        },
                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                      }
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "outputs": [
          0,
          2
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test InnerJoin (comma syntax).
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT t1.a, t2.a
FROM
  t as t1,
  t as t2,
  t as t3
WHERE t1.b = t2.b AND t2.b = t3.b
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Project": {
        "input": {
          "Filter": {
            "input": {
              "Let": {
                "id": 4,
                "value": {
                  "Let": {
                    "id": 1,
                    "value": {
                      "Join": {
                        "inputs": [
                          {
                            "Get": {
                              "id": {
                                "Local": 0
                              },
                              "typ": {
                                "column_types": [],
                                "keys": [
                                  []
                                ]
                              },
                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "Get": {
                              "id": {
                                "Global": {
                                  "User": 1
                                }
                              },
                              "typ": {
                                "column_types": [
                                  {
                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                    "nullable": true
                                  },
                                  {
                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                    "nullable": true
                                  }
                                ],
                                "keys": []
                              },
                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                            }
                          }
                        ],
                        "equivalences": [],
                        "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                      }
                    },
                    "body": {
                      "Let": {
                        "id": 2,
                        "value": {
                          "Join": {
                            "inputs": [
                              {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Local": 0
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [],
                                    "keys": [
                                      []
                                    ]
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              },
                              {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Global": {
                                      "User": 1
                                    }
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "keys": []
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              }
                            ],
                            "equivalences": [],
                            "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                          }
                        },
                        "body": {
                          "Let": {
                            "id": 3,
                            "value": {
                              "Project": {
                                "input": {
                                  "Join": {
                                    "inputs": [
                                      {
                                        "Get": {
                                          "id": {
                                            "Local": 1
                                          },
                                          "typ": {
                                            "column_types": [
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              },
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              }
                                            ],
                                            "keys": []
                                          },
                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                        }
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "Get": {
                                          "id": {
                                            "Local": 2
                                          },
                                          "typ": {
                                            "column_types": [
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              },
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              }
                                            ],
                                            "keys": []
                                          },
                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                        }
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "equivalences": [],
                                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                  }
                                },
                                "outputs": [
                                  0,
                                  1,
                                  2,
                                  3
                                ]
                              }
                            },
                            "body": {
                              "Get": {
                                "id": {
                                  "Local": 3
                                },
                                "typ": {
                                  "column_types": [
                                    {
                                      "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                      "nullable": true
                                    },
                                    {
                                      "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                      "nullable": true
                                    },
                                    {
                                      "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                      "nullable": true
                                    },
                                    {
                                      "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                      "nullable": true
                                    }
                                  ],
                                  "keys": []
                                },
                                "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                              }
                            }
                          }
                        }
                      }
                    }
                  }
                },
                "body": {
                  "Let": {
                    "id": 5,
                    "value": {
                      "Join": {
                        "inputs": [
                          {
                            "Get": {
                              "id": {
                                "Local": 0
                              },
                              "typ": {
                                "column_types": [],
                                "keys": [
                                  []
                                ]
                              },
                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "Get": {
                              "id": {
                                "Global": {
                                  "User": 1
                                }
                              },
                              "typ": {
                                "column_types": [
                                  {
                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                    "nullable": true
                                  },
                                  {
                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                    "nullable": true
                                  }
                                ],
                                "keys": []
                              },
                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                            }
                          }
                        ],
                        "equivalences": [],
                        "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                      }
                    },
                    "body": {
                      "Let": {
                        "id": 6,
                        "value": {
                          "Project": {
                            "input": {
                              "Join": {
                                "inputs": [
                                  {
                                    "Get": {
                                      "id": {
                                        "Local": 4
                                      },
                                      "typ": {
                                        "column_types": [
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "keys": []
                                      },
                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                    }
                                  },
                                  {
                                    "Get": {
                                      "id": {
                                        "Local": 5
                                      },
                                      "typ": {
                                        "column_types": [
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "keys": []
                                      },
                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                    }
                                  }
                                ],
                                "equivalences": [],
                                "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                              }
                            },
                            "outputs": [
                              0,
                              1,
                              2,
                              3,
                              4,
                              5
                            ]
                          }
                        },
                        "body": {
                          "Get": {
                            "id": {
                              "Local": 6
                            },
                            "typ": {
                              "column_types": [
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                },
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                },
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                },
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                },
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                },
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                }
                              ],
                              "keys": []
                            },
                            "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                          }
                        }
                      }
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            },
            "predicates": [
              {
                "CallVariadic": {
                  "func": "And",
                  "exprs": [
                    {
                      "CallBinary": {
                        "func": "Eq",
                        "expr1": {
                          "Column": [
                            1,
                            "b"
                          ]
                        },
                        "expr2": {
                          "Column": [
                            3,
                            "b"
                          ]
                        }
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "CallBinary": {
                        "func": "Eq",
                        "expr1": {
                          "Column": [
                            3,
                            "b"
                          ]
                        },
                        "expr2": {
                          "Column": [
                            5,
                            "b"
                          ]
                        }
                      }
                    }
                  ]
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "outputs": [
          0,
          2
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test InnerJoin (ON syntax).
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT t1.a, t2.a
FROM t as t1
INNER JOIN t as t2 ON t1.b = t2.b
INNER JOIN t as t3 ON t2.b = t3.b
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Project": {
        "input": {
          "Let": {
            "id": 4,
            "value": {
              "Let": {
                "id": 1,
                "value": {
                  "Join": {
                    "inputs": [
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Local": 0
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [],
                            "keys": [
                              []
                            ]
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Global": {
                              "User": 1
                            }
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              },
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              }
                            ],
                            "keys": []
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      }
                    ],
                    "equivalences": [],
                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                  }
                },
                "body": {
                  "Let": {
                    "id": 2,
                    "value": {
                      "Join": {
                        "inputs": [
                          {
                            "Get": {
                              "id": {
                                "Local": 0
                              },
                              "typ": {
                                "column_types": [],
                                "keys": [
                                  []
                                ]
                              },
                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "Get": {
                              "id": {
                                "Global": {
                                  "User": 1
                                }
                              },
                              "typ": {
                                "column_types": [
                                  {
                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                    "nullable": true
                                  },
                                  {
                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                    "nullable": true
                                  }
                                ],
                                "keys": []
                              },
                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                            }
                          }
                        ],
                        "equivalences": [],
                        "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                      }
                    },
                    "body": {
                      "Let": {
                        "id": 3,
                        "value": {
                          "Filter": {
                            "input": {
                              "Project": {
                                "input": {
                                  "Join": {
                                    "inputs": [
                                      {
                                        "Get": {
                                          "id": {
                                            "Local": 1
                                          },
                                          "typ": {
                                            "column_types": [
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              },
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              }
                                            ],
                                            "keys": []
                                          },
                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                        }
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "Get": {
                                          "id": {
                                            "Local": 2
                                          },
                                          "typ": {
                                            "column_types": [
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              },
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              }
                                            ],
                                            "keys": []
                                          },
                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                        }
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "equivalences": [],
                                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                  }
                                },
                                "outputs": [
                                  0,
                                  1,
                                  2,
                                  3
                                ]
                              }
                            },
                            "predicates": [
                              {
                                "CallBinary": {
                                  "func": "Eq",
                                  "expr1": {
                                    "Column": [
                                      1,
                                      "b"
                                    ]
                                  },
                                  "expr2": {
                                    "Column": [
                                      3,
                                      "b"
                                    ]
                                  }
                                }
                              }
                            ]
                          }
                        },
                        "body": {
                          "Get": {
                            "id": {
                              "Local": 3
                            },
                            "typ": {
                              "column_types": [
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                },
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": false
                                },
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                },
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": false
                                }
                              ],
                              "keys": []
                            },
                            "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                          }
                        }
                      }
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            },
            "body": {
              "Let": {
                "id": 5,
                "value": {
                  "Join": {
                    "inputs": [
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Local": 0
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [],
                            "keys": [
                              []
                            ]
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Global": {
                              "User": 1
                            }
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              },
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              }
                            ],
                            "keys": []
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      }
                    ],
                    "equivalences": [],
                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                  }
                },
                "body": {
                  "Let": {
                    "id": 6,
                    "value": {
                      "Filter": {
                        "input": {
                          "Project": {
                            "input": {
                              "Join": {
                                "inputs": [
                                  {
                                    "Get": {
                                      "id": {
                                        "Local": 4
                                      },
                                      "typ": {
                                        "column_types": [
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": false
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": false
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "keys": []
                                      },
                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                    }
                                  },
                                  {
                                    "Get": {
                                      "id": {
                                        "Local": 5
                                      },
                                      "typ": {
                                        "column_types": [
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "keys": []
                                      },
                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                    }
                                  }
                                ],
                                "equivalences": [],
                                "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                              }
                            },
                            "outputs": [
                              0,
                              1,
                              2,
                              3,
                              4,
                              5
                            ]
                          }
                        },
                        "predicates": [
                          {
                            "CallBinary": {
                              "func": "Eq",
                              "expr1": {
                                "Column": [
                                  3,
                                  "b"
                                ]
                              },
                              "expr2": {
                                "Column": [
                                  5,
                                  "b"
                                ]
                              }
                            }
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    },
                    "body": {
                      "Get": {
                        "id": {
                          "Local": 6
                        },
                        "typ": {
                          "column_types": [
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": true
                            },
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": false
                            },
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": true
                            },
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": false
                            },
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": true
                            },
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": false
                            }
                          ],
                          "keys": []
                        },
                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                      }
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "outputs": [
          0,
          2
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test InnerJoin (ON syntax).
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT t1.a, t2.a
FROM t as t1
LEFT JOIN t as t2 ON t1.b = t2.b
RIGHT JOIN t as t3 ON t2.b = t3.b
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Project": {
        "input": {
          "Let": {
            "id": 5,
            "value": {
              "Let": {
                "id": 1,
                "value": {
                  "Join": {
                    "inputs": [
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Local": 0
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [],
                            "keys": [
                              []
                            ]
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Global": {
                              "User": 1
                            }
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              },
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              }
                            ],
                            "keys": []
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      }
                    ],
                    "equivalences": [],
                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                  }
                },
                "body": {
                  "Let": {
                    "id": 2,
                    "value": {
                      "Join": {
                        "inputs": [
                          {
                            "Get": {
                              "id": {
                                "Local": 0
                              },
                              "typ": {
                                "column_types": [],
                                "keys": [
                                  []
                                ]
                              },
                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "Get": {
                              "id": {
                                "Global": {
                                  "User": 1
                                }
                              },
                              "typ": {
                                "column_types": [
                                  {
                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                    "nullable": true
                                  },
                                  {
                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                    "nullable": true
                                  }
                                ],
                                "keys": []
                              },
                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                            }
                          }
                        ],
                        "equivalences": [],
                        "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                      }
                    },
                    "body": {
                      "Let": {
                        "id": 3,
                        "value": {
                          "Filter": {
                            "input": {
                              "Project": {
                                "input": {
                                  "Join": {
                                    "inputs": [
                                      {
                                        "Get": {
                                          "id": {
                                            "Local": 1
                                          },
                                          "typ": {
                                            "column_types": [
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              },
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              }
                                            ],
                                            "keys": []
                                          },
                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                        }
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "Get": {
                                          "id": {
                                            "Local": 2
                                          },
                                          "typ": {
                                            "column_types": [
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              },
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              }
                                            ],
                                            "keys": []
                                          },
                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                        }
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "equivalences": [],
                                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                  }
                                },
                                "outputs": [
                                  0,
                                  1,
                                  2,
                                  3
                                ]
                              }
                            },
                            "predicates": [
                              {
                                "CallBinary": {
                                  "func": "Eq",
                                  "expr1": {
                                    "Column": [
                                      1,
                                      "b"
                                    ]
                                  },
                                  "expr2": {
                                    "Column": [
                                      3,
                                      "b"
                                    ]
                                  }
                                }
                              }
                            ]
                          }
                        },
                        "body": {
                          "Let": {
                            "id": 4,
                            "value": {
                              "Reduce": {
                                "input": {
                                  "Project": {
                                    "input": {
                                      "Get": {
                                        "id": {
                                          "Local": 3
                                        },
                                        "typ": {
                                          "column_types": [
                                            {
                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                              "nullable": true
                                            },
                                            {
                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                              "nullable": false
                                            },
                                            {
                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                              "nullable": true
                                            },
                                            {
                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                              "nullable": false
                                            }
                                          ],
                                          "keys": []
                                        },
                                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                      }
                                    },
                                    "outputs": [
                                      1
                                    ]
                                  }
                                },
                                "group_key": [
                                  {
                                    "Column": [
                                      0,
                                      null
                                    ]
                                  }
                                ],
                                "aggregates": [],
                                "monotonic": false,
                                "expected_group_size": null
                              }
                            },
                            "body": {
                              "Union": {
                                "base": {
                                  "Map": {
                                    "input": {
                                      "Union": {
                                        "base": {
                                          "Negate": {
                                            "input": {
                                              "Project": {
                                                "input": {
                                                  "Join": {
                                                    "inputs": [
                                                      {
                                                        "Filter": {
                                                          "input": {
                                                            "Get": {
                                                              "id": {
                                                                "Local": 1
                                                              },
                                                              "typ": {
                                                                "column_types": [
                                                                  {
                                                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                    "nullable": true
                                                                  },
                                                                  {
                                                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                    "nullable": true
                                                                  }
                                                                ],
                                                                "keys": []
                                                              },
                                                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                            }
                                                          },
                                                          "predicates": [
                                                            {
                                                              "CallUnary": {
                                                                "func": {
                                                                  "Not": null
                                                                },
                                                                "expr": {
                                                                  "CallUnary": {
                                                                    "func": {
                                                                      "IsNull": null
                                                                    },
                                                                    "expr": {
                                                                      "Column": [
                                                                        1,
                                                                        "b"
                                                                      ]
                                                                    }
                                                                  }
                                                                }
                                                              }
                                                            }
                                                          ]
                                                        }
                                                      },
                                                      {
                                                        "Get": {
                                                          "id": {
                                                            "Local": 4
                                                          },
                                                          "typ": {
                                                            "column_types": [
                                                              {
                                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                "nullable": false
                                                              }
                                                            ],
                                                            "keys": [
                                                              [
                                                                0
                                                              ]
                                                            ]
                                                          },
                                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                        }
                                                      }
                                                    ],
                                                    "equivalences": [
                                                      [
                                                        {
                                                          "Column": [
                                                            1,
                                                            "b"
                                                          ]
                                                        },
                                                        {
                                                          "Column": [
                                                            2,
                                                            null
                                                          ]
                                                        }
                                                      ]
                                                    ],
                                                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                  }
                                                },
                                                "outputs": [
                                                  0,
                                                  1
                                                ]
                                              }
                                            }
                                          }
                                        },
                                        "inputs": [
                                          {
                                            "Get": {
                                              "id": {
                                                "Local": 1
                                              },
                                              "typ": {
                                                "column_types": [
                                                  {
                                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                    "nullable": true
                                                  },
                                                  {
                                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                    "nullable": true
                                                  }
                                                ],
                                                "keys": []
                                              },
                                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                            }
                                          }
                                        ]
                                      }
                                    },
                                    "scalars": [
                                      {
                                        "Literal": [
                                          {
                                            "Ok": {
                                              "data": [
                                                0
                                              ]
                                            }
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ]
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "Literal": [
                                          {
                                            "Ok": {
                                              "data": [
                                                0
                                              ]
                                            }
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ]
                                      }
                                    ]
                                  }
                                },
                                "inputs": [
                                  {
                                    "Get": {
                                      "id": {
                                        "Local": 3
                                      },
                                      "typ": {
                                        "column_types": [
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": false
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": false
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "keys": []
                                      },
                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                    }
                                  }
                                ]
                              }
                            }
                          }
                        }
                      }
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            },
            "body": {
              "Let": {
                "id": 6,
                "value": {
                  "Join": {
                    "inputs": [
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Local": 0
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [],
                            "keys": [
                              []
                            ]
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Global": {
                              "User": 1
                            }
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              },
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              }
                            ],
                            "keys": []
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      }
                    ],
                    "equivalences": [],
                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                  }
                },
                "body": {
                  "Let": {
                    "id": 7,
                    "value": {
                      "Filter": {
                        "input": {
                          "Project": {
                            "input": {
                              "Join": {
                                "inputs": [
                                  {
                                    "Get": {
                                      "id": {
                                        "Local": 5
                                      },
                                      "typ": {
                                        "column_types": [
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "keys": []
                                      },
                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                    }
                                  },
                                  {
                                    "Get": {
                                      "id": {
                                        "Local": 6
                                      },
                                      "typ": {
                                        "column_types": [
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "keys": []
                                      },
                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                    }
                                  }
                                ],
                                "equivalences": [],
                                "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                              }
                            },
                            "outputs": [
                              0,
                              1,
                              2,
                              3,
                              4,
                              5
                            ]
                          }
                        },
                        "predicates": [
                          {
                            "CallBinary": {
                              "func": "Eq",
                              "expr1": {
                                "Column": [
                                  3,
                                  "b"
                                ]
                              },
                              "expr2": {
                                "Column": [
                                  5,
                                  "b"
                                ]
                              }
                            }
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    },
                    "body": {
                      "Let": {
                        "id": 8,
                        "value": {
                          "Reduce": {
                            "input": {
                              "Project": {
                                "input": {
                                  "Get": {
                                    "id": {
                                      "Local": 7
                                    },
                                    "typ": {
                                      "column_types": [
                                        {
                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                          "nullable": true
                                        },
                                        {
                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                          "nullable": true
                                        },
                                        {
                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                          "nullable": true
                                        },
                                        {
                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                          "nullable": false
                                        },
                                        {
                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                          "nullable": true
                                        },
                                        {
                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                          "nullable": false
                                        }
                                      ],
                                      "keys": []
                                    },
                                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                  }
                                },
                                "outputs": [
                                  3
                                ]
                              }
                            },
                            "group_key": [
                              {
                                "Column": [
                                  0,
                                  null
                                ]
                              }
                            ],
                            "aggregates": [],
                            "monotonic": false,
                            "expected_group_size": null
                          }
                        },
                        "body": {
                          "Union": {
                            "base": {
                              "Project": {
                                "input": {
                                  "Map": {
                                    "input": {
                                      "Union": {
                                        "base": {
                                          "Negate": {
                                            "input": {
                                              "Project": {
                                                "input": {
                                                  "Join": {
                                                    "inputs": [
                                                      {
                                                        "Filter": {
                                                          "input": {
                                                            "Get": {
                                                              "id": {
                                                                "Local": 6
                                                              },
                                                              "typ": {
                                                                "column_types": [
                                                                  {
                                                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                    "nullable": true
                                                                  },
                                                                  {
                                                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                    "nullable": true
                                                                  }
                                                                ],
                                                                "keys": []
                                                              },
                                                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                            }
                                                          },
                                                          "predicates": [
                                                            {
                                                              "CallUnary": {
                                                                "func": {
                                                                  "Not": null
                                                                },
                                                                "expr": {
                                                                  "CallUnary": {
                                                                    "func": {
                                                                      "IsNull": null
                                                                    },
                                                                    "expr": {
                                                                      "Column": [
                                                                        1,
                                                                        "b"
                                                                      ]
                                                                    }
                                                                  }
                                                                }
                                                              }
                                                            }
                                                          ]
                                                        }
                                                      },
                                                      {
                                                        "Get": {
                                                          "id": {
                                                            "Local": 8
                                                          },
                                                          "typ": {
                                                            "column_types": [
                                                              {
                                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                "nullable": false
                                                              }
                                                            ],
                                                            "keys": [
                                                              [
                                                                0
                                                              ]
                                                            ]
                                                          },
                                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                        }
                                                      }
                                                    ],
                                                    "equivalences": [
                                                      [
                                                        {
                                                          "Column": [
                                                            1,
                                                            "b"
                                                          ]
                                                        },
                                                        {
                                                          "Column": [
                                                            2,
                                                            null
                                                          ]
                                                        }
                                                      ]
                                                    ],
                                                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                  }
                                                },
                                                "outputs": [
                                                  0,
                                                  1
                                                ]
                                              }
                                            }
                                          }
                                        },
                                        "inputs": [
                                          {
                                            "Get": {
                                              "id": {
                                                "Local": 6
                                              },
                                              "typ": {
                                                "column_types": [
                                                  {
                                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                    "nullable": true
                                                  },
                                                  {
                                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                    "nullable": true
                                                  }
                                                ],
                                                "keys": []
                                              },
                                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                            }
                                          }
                                        ]
                                      }
                                    },
                                    "scalars": [
                                      {
                                        "Literal": [
                                          {
                                            "Ok": {
                                              "data": [
                                                0
                                              ]
                                            }
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ]
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "Literal": [
                                          {
                                            "Ok": {
                                              "data": [
                                                0
                                              ]
                                            }
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ]
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "Literal": [
                                          {
                                            "Ok": {
                                              "data": [
                                                0
                                              ]
                                            }
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ]
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "Literal": [
                                          {
                                            "Ok": {
                                              "data": [
                                                0
                                              ]
                                            }
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ]
                                      }
                                    ]
                                  }
                                },
                                "outputs": [
                                  2,
                                  3,
                                  4,
                                  5,
                                  0,
                                  1
                                ]
                              }
                            },
                            "inputs": [
                              {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Local": 7
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": false
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": false
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "keys": []
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              }
                            ]
                          }
                        }
                      }
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "outputs": [
          0,
          2
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test a single CTE.
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
WITH x AS (SELECT t.a * t.b as v from t) SELECT a.v + b.v FROM x as a, x as b
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Project": {
        "input": {
          "Let": {
            "id": 2,
            "value": {
              "Project": {
                "input": {
                  "Map": {
                    "input": {
                      "Let": {
                        "id": 1,
                        "value": {
                          "Join": {
                            "inputs": [
                              {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Local": 0
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [],
                                    "keys": [
                                      []
                                    ]
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              },
                              {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Global": {
                                      "User": 1
                                    }
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "keys": []
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              }
                            ],
                            "equivalences": [],
                            "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                          }
                        },
                        "body": {
                          "Get": {
                            "id": {
                              "Local": 1
                            },
                            "typ": {
                              "column_types": [
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                },
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                }
                              ],
                              "keys": []
                            },
                            "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                          }
                        }
                      }
                    },
                    "scalars": [
                      {
                        "CallBinary": {
                          "func": "MulInt32",
                          "expr1": {
                            "Column": [
                              0,
                              "a"
                            ]
                          },
                          "expr2": {
                            "Column": [
                              1,
                              "b"
                            ]
                          }
                        }
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                },
                "outputs": [
                  2
                ]
              }
            },
            "body": {
              "Project": {
                "input": {
                  "Map": {
                    "input": {
                      "Let": {
                        "id": 4,
                        "value": {
                          "Let": {
                            "id": 3,
                            "value": {
                              "Project": {
                                "input": {
                                  "Join": {
                                    "inputs": [
                                      {
                                        "Get": {
                                          "id": {
                                            "Local": 2
                                          },
                                          "typ": {
                                            "column_types": [
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              }
                                            ],
                                            "keys": []
                                          },
                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                        }
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "Get": {
                                          "id": {
                                            "Local": 2
                                          },
                                          "typ": {
                                            "column_types": [
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              }
                                            ],
                                            "keys": []
                                          },
                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                        }
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "equivalences": [],
                                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                  }
                                },
                                "outputs": [
                                  0,
                                  1
                                ]
                              }
                            },
                            "body": {
                              "Get": {
                                "id": {
                                  "Local": 3
                                },
                                "typ": {
                                  "column_types": [
                                    {
                                      "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                      "nullable": true
                                    },
                                    {
                                      "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                      "nullable": true
                                    }
                                  ],
                                  "keys": []
                                },
                                "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                              }
                            }
                          }
                        },
                        "body": {
                          "Get": {
                            "id": {
                              "Local": 4
                            },
                            "typ": {
                              "column_types": [
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                },
                                {
                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                  "nullable": true
                                }
                              ],
                              "keys": []
                            },
                            "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                          }
                        }
                      }
                    },
                    "scalars": [
                      {
                        "CallBinary": {
                          "func": "AddInt32",
                          "expr1": {
                            "Column": [
                              0,
                              "v"
                            ]
                          },
                          "expr2": {
                            "Column": [
                              1,
                              "v"
                            ]
                          }
                        }
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                },
                "outputs": [
                  0,
                  1,
                  2
                ]
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "outputs": [
          2
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test multiple CTEs: a case where we cannot pull the let statement up through
# the join because the local l0 is correlated against the lhs of the enclosing join.
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT
  *
FROM
  (
    SELECT * FROM t
  ) as r1
  CROSS JOIN LATERAL (
    WITH r2 as (
      SELECT MAX(r1.a * t.a) AS m FROM t
    )
    SELECT * FROM r2 WHERE r2.m != r1.a
  ) as r3
  CROSS JOIN LATERAL (
    WITH r4 as (
      SELECT MAX(r1.a * t.a) AS m FROM t
    )
    SELECT * FROM r4 WHERE r4.m != r1.a OR (r4.m IS NOT NULL AND r1.a IS NULL)
  ) as r5;
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Let": {
        "id": 5,
        "value": {
          "Let": {
            "id": 1,
            "value": {
              "Join": {
                "inputs": [
                  {
                    "Get": {
                      "id": {
                        "Local": 0
                      },
                      "typ": {
                        "column_types": [],
                        "keys": [
                          []
                        ]
                      },
                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                    }
                  },
                  {
                    "Get": {
                      "id": {
                        "Global": {
                          "User": 1
                        }
                      },
                      "typ": {
                        "column_types": [
                          {
                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                            "nullable": true
                          },
                          {
                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                            "nullable": true
                          }
                        ],
                        "keys": []
                      },
                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                    }
                  }
                ],
                "equivalences": [],
                "implementation": "Unimplemented"
              }
            },
            "body": {
              "Let": {
                "id": 2,
                "value": {
                  "Reduce": {
                    "input": {
                      "Get": {
                        "id": {
                          "Local": 1
                        },
                        "typ": {
                          "column_types": [
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": true
                            },
                            {
                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                              "nullable": true
                            }
                          ],
                          "keys": []
                        },
                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                      }
                    },
                    "group_key": [
                      {
                        "Column": [
                          0,
                          null
                        ]
                      }
                    ],
                    "aggregates": [],
                    "monotonic": false,
                    "expected_group_size": null
                  }
                },
                "body": {
                  "Project": {
                    "input": {
                      "Join": {
                        "inputs": [
                          {
                            "Get": {
                              "id": {
                                "Local": 1
                              },
                              "typ": {
                                "column_types": [
                                  {
                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                    "nullable": true
                                  },
                                  {
                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                    "nullable": true
                                  }
                                ],
                                "keys": []
                              },
                              "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                            }
                          },
                          {
                            "Let": {
                              "id": 4,
                              "value": {
                                "Let": {
                                  "id": 3,
                                  "value": {
                                    "Reduce": {
                                      "input": {
                                        "Join": {
                                          "inputs": [
                                            {
                                              "Get": {
                                                "id": {
                                                  "Local": 2
                                                },
                                                "typ": {
                                                  "column_types": [
                                                    {
                                                      "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                      "nullable": true
                                                    }
                                                  ],
                                                  "keys": [
                                                    [
                                                      0
                                                    ]
                                                  ]
                                                },
                                                "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                              }
                                            },
                                            {
                                              "Get": {
                                                "id": {
                                                  "Global": {
                                                    "User": 1
                                                  }
                                                },
                                                "typ": {
                                                  "column_types": [
                                                    {
                                                      "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                      "nullable": true
                                                    },
                                                    {
                                                      "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                      "nullable": true
                                                    }
                                                  ],
                                                  "keys": []
                                                },
                                                "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                              }
                                            }
                                          ],
                                          "equivalences": [],
                                          "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                        }
                                      },
                                      "group_key": [
                                        {
                                          "Column": [
                                            0,
                                            null
                                          ]
                                        }
                                      ],
                                      "aggregates": [
                                        {
                                          "func": "MaxInt32",
                                          "expr": {
                                            "CallBinary": {
                                              "func": "MulInt32",
                                              "expr1": {
                                                "Column": [
                                                  0,
                                                  "a"
                                                ]
                                              },
                                              "expr2": {
                                                "Column": [
                                                  1,
                                                  "a"
                                                ]
                                              }
                                            }
                                          },
                                          "distinct": false
                                        }
                                      ],
                                      "monotonic": false,
                                      "expected_group_size": null
                                    }
                                  },
                                  "body": {
                                    "Union": {
                                      "base": {
                                        "Get": {
                                          "id": {
                                            "Local": 3
                                          },
                                          "typ": {
                                            "column_types": [
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              },
                                              {
                                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                "nullable": true
                                              }
                                            ],
                                            "keys": [
                                              [
                                                0
                                              ]
                                            ]
                                          },
                                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                        }
                                      },
                                      "inputs": [
                                        {
                                          "Join": {
                                            "inputs": [
                                              {
                                                "Project": {
                                                  "input": {
                                                    "Join": {
                                                      "inputs": [
                                                        {
                                                          "Union": {
                                                            "base": {
                                                              "Negate": {
                                                                "input": {
                                                                  "Reduce": {
                                                                    "input": {
                                                                      "Get": {
                                                                        "id": {
                                                                          "Local": 3
                                                                        },
                                                                        "typ": {
                                                                          "column_types": [
                                                                            {
                                                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                              "nullable": true
                                                                            },
                                                                            {
                                                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                              "nullable": true
                                                                            }
                                                                          ],
                                                                          "keys": [
                                                                            [
                                                                              0
                                                                            ]
                                                                          ]
                                                                        },
                                                                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                      }
                                                                    },
                                                                    "group_key": [
                                                                      {
                                                                        "Column": [
                                                                          0,
                                                                          null
                                                                        ]
                                                                      }
                                                                    ],
                                                                    "aggregates": [],
                                                                    "monotonic": false,
                                                                    "expected_group_size": null
                                                                  }
                                                                }
                                                              }
                                                            },
                                                            "inputs": [
                                                              {
                                                                "Reduce": {
                                                                  "input": {
                                                                    "Get": {
                                                                      "id": {
                                                                        "Local": 2
                                                                      },
                                                                      "typ": {
                                                                        "column_types": [
                                                                          {
                                                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                            "nullable": true
                                                                          }
                                                                        ],
                                                                        "keys": [
                                                                          [
                                                                            0
                                                                          ]
                                                                        ]
                                                                      },
                                                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                    }
                                                                  },
                                                                  "group_key": [
                                                                    {
                                                                      "Column": [
                                                                        0,
                                                                        null
                                                                      ]
                                                                    }
                                                                  ],
                                                                  "aggregates": [],
                                                                  "monotonic": false,
                                                                  "expected_group_size": null
                                                                }
                                                              }
                                                            ]
                                                          }
                                                        },
                                                        {
                                                          "Get": {
                                                            "id": {
                                                              "Local": 2
                                                            },
                                                            "typ": {
                                                              "column_types": [
                                                                {
                                                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                  "nullable": true
                                                                }
                                                              ],
                                                              "keys": [
                                                                [
                                                                  0
                                                                ]
                                                              ]
                                                            },
                                                            "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                          }
                                                        }
                                                      ],
                                                      "equivalences": [
                                                        [
                                                          {
                                                            "Column": [
                                                              0,
                                                              null
                                                            ]
                                                          },
                                                          {
                                                            "Column": [
                                                              1,
                                                              null
                                                            ]
                                                          }
                                                        ]
                                                      ],
                                                      "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                    }
                                                  },
                                                  "outputs": [
                                                    0
                                                  ]
                                                }
                                              },
                                              {
                                                "Constant": {
                                                  "rows": {
                                                    "Ok": [
                                                      [
                                                        {
                                                          "data": [
                                                            0
                                                          ]
                                                        },
                                                        1
                                                      ]
                                                    ]
                                                  },
                                                  "typ": {
                                                    "column_types": [
                                                      {
                                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                        "nullable": true
                                                      }
                                                    ],
                                                    "keys": []
                                                  }
                                                }
                                              }
                                            ],
                                            "equivalences": [],
                                            "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                          }
                                        }
                                      ]
                                    }
                                  }
                                }
                              },
                              "body": {
                                "Filter": {
                                  "input": {
                                    "Get": {
                                      "id": {
                                        "Local": 4
                                      },
                                      "typ": {
                                        "column_types": [
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "keys": []
                                      },
                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                    }
                                  },
                                  "predicates": [
                                    {
                                      "CallBinary": {
                                        "func": "NotEq",
                                        "expr1": {
                                          "Column": [
                                            1,
                                            "m"
                                          ]
                                        },
                                        "expr2": {
                                          "Column": [
                                            0,
                                            "a"
                                          ]
                                        }
                                      }
                                    }
                                  ]
                                }
                              }
                            }
                          }
                        ],
                        "equivalences": [
                          [
                            {
                              "Column": [
                                0,
                                null
                              ]
                            },
                            {
                              "Column": [
                                2,
                                null
                              ]
                            }
                          ]
                        ],
                        "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                      }
                    },
                    "outputs": [
                      0,
                      1,
                      3
                    ]
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "body": {
          "Let": {
            "id": 6,
            "value": {
              "Reduce": {
                "input": {
                  "Get": {
                    "id": {
                      "Local": 5
                    },
                    "typ": {
                      "column_types": [
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": false
                        },
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": true
                        },
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": false
                        }
                      ],
                      "keys": []
                    },
                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                  }
                },
                "group_key": [
                  {
                    "Column": [
                      0,
                      null
                    ]
                  }
                ],
                "aggregates": [],
                "monotonic": false,
                "expected_group_size": null
              }
            },
            "body": {
              "Project": {
                "input": {
                  "Join": {
                    "inputs": [
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Local": 5
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": false
                              },
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              },
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": false
                              }
                            ],
                            "keys": []
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "Let": {
                          "id": 8,
                          "value": {
                            "Let": {
                              "id": 7,
                              "value": {
                                "Reduce": {
                                  "input": {
                                    "Join": {
                                      "inputs": [
                                        {
                                          "Get": {
                                            "id": {
                                              "Local": 6
                                            },
                                            "typ": {
                                              "column_types": [
                                                {
                                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                  "nullable": false
                                                }
                                              ],
                                              "keys": [
                                                [
                                                  0
                                                ]
                                              ]
                                            },
                                            "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                          }
                                        },
                                        {
                                          "Get": {
                                            "id": {
                                              "Global": {
                                                "User": 1
                                              }
                                            },
                                            "typ": {
                                              "column_types": [
                                                {
                                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                  "nullable": true
                                                },
                                                {
                                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                  "nullable": true
                                                }
                                              ],
                                              "keys": []
                                            },
                                            "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                          }
                                        }
                                      ],
                                      "equivalences": [],
                                      "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                    }
                                  },
                                  "group_key": [
                                    {
                                      "Column": [
                                        0,
                                        null
                                      ]
                                    }
                                  ],
                                  "aggregates": [
                                    {
                                      "func": "MaxInt32",
                                      "expr": {
                                        "CallBinary": {
                                          "func": "MulInt32",
                                          "expr1": {
                                            "Column": [
                                              0,
                                              "a"
                                            ]
                                          },
                                          "expr2": {
                                            "Column": [
                                              1,
                                              "a"
                                            ]
                                          }
                                        }
                                      },
                                      "distinct": false
                                    }
                                  ],
                                  "monotonic": false,
                                  "expected_group_size": null
                                }
                              },
                              "body": {
                                "Union": {
                                  "base": {
                                    "Get": {
                                      "id": {
                                        "Local": 7
                                      },
                                      "typ": {
                                        "column_types": [
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": false
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "keys": [
                                          [
                                            0
                                          ]
                                        ]
                                      },
                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                    }
                                  },
                                  "inputs": [
                                    {
                                      "Join": {
                                        "inputs": [
                                          {
                                            "Project": {
                                              "input": {
                                                "Join": {
                                                  "inputs": [
                                                    {
                                                      "Union": {
                                                        "base": {
                                                          "Negate": {
                                                            "input": {
                                                              "Reduce": {
                                                                "input": {
                                                                  "Get": {
                                                                    "id": {
                                                                      "Local": 7
                                                                    },
                                                                    "typ": {
                                                                      "column_types": [
                                                                        {
                                                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                          "nullable": false
                                                                        },
                                                                        {
                                                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                          "nullable": true
                                                                        }
                                                                      ],
                                                                      "keys": [
                                                                        [
                                                                          0
                                                                        ]
                                                                      ]
                                                                    },
                                                                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                  }
                                                                },
                                                                "group_key": [
                                                                  {
                                                                    "Column": [
                                                                      0,
                                                                      null
                                                                    ]
                                                                  }
                                                                ],
                                                                "aggregates": [],
                                                                "monotonic": false,
                                                                "expected_group_size": null
                                                              }
                                                            }
                                                          }
                                                        },
                                                        "inputs": [
                                                          {
                                                            "Reduce": {
                                                              "input": {
                                                                "Get": {
                                                                  "id": {
                                                                    "Local": 6
                                                                  },
                                                                  "typ": {
                                                                    "column_types": [
                                                                      {
                                                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                        "nullable": false
                                                                      }
                                                                    ],
                                                                    "keys": [
                                                                      [
                                                                        0
                                                                      ]
                                                                    ]
                                                                  },
                                                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                }
                                                              },
                                                              "group_key": [
                                                                {
                                                                  "Column": [
                                                                    0,
                                                                    null
                                                                  ]
                                                                }
                                                              ],
                                                              "aggregates": [],
                                                              "monotonic": false,
                                                              "expected_group_size": null
                                                            }
                                                          }
                                                        ]
                                                      }
                                                    },
                                                    {
                                                      "Get": {
                                                        "id": {
                                                          "Local": 6
                                                        },
                                                        "typ": {
                                                          "column_types": [
                                                            {
                                                              "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                              "nullable": false
                                                            }
                                                          ],
                                                          "keys": [
                                                            [
                                                              0
                                                            ]
                                                          ]
                                                        },
                                                        "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                      }
                                                    }
                                                  ],
                                                  "equivalences": [
                                                    [
                                                      {
                                                        "Column": [
                                                          0,
                                                          null
                                                        ]
                                                      },
                                                      {
                                                        "Column": [
                                                          1,
                                                          null
                                                        ]
                                                      }
                                                    ]
                                                  ],
                                                  "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                                }
                                              },
                                              "outputs": [
                                                0
                                              ]
                                            }
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "Constant": {
                                              "rows": {
                                                "Ok": [
                                                  [
                                                    {
                                                      "data": [
                                                        0
                                                      ]
                                                    },
                                                    1
                                                  ]
                                                ]
                                              },
                                              "typ": {
                                                "column_types": [
                                                  {
                                                    "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                    "nullable": true
                                                  }
                                                ],
                                                "keys": []
                                              }
                                            }
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "equivalences": [],
                                        "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                      }
                                    }
                                  ]
                                }
                              }
                            }
                          },
                          "body": {
                            "Filter": {
                              "input": {
                                "Get": {
                                  "id": {
                                    "Local": 8
                                  },
                                  "typ": {
                                    "column_types": [
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": false
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                        "nullable": true
                                      }
                                    ],
                                    "keys": []
                                  },
                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                }
                              },
                              "predicates": [
                                {
                                  "CallVariadic": {
                                    "func": "Or",
                                    "exprs": [
                                      {
                                        "CallBinary": {
                                          "func": "NotEq",
                                          "expr1": {
                                            "Column": [
                                              1,
                                              "m"
                                            ]
                                          },
                                          "expr2": {
                                            "Column": [
                                              0,
                                              "a"
                                            ]
                                          }
                                        }
                                      },
                                      {
                                        "CallVariadic": {
                                          "func": "And",
                                          "exprs": [
                                            {
                                              "CallUnary": {
                                                "func": {
                                                  "Not": null
                                                },
                                                "expr": {
                                                  "CallUnary": {
                                                    "func": {
                                                      "IsNull": null
                                                    },
                                                    "expr": {
                                                      "Column": [
                                                        1,
                                                        "m"
                                                      ]
                                                    }
                                                  }
                                                }
                                              }
                                            },
                                            {
                                              "CallUnary": {
                                                "func": {
                                                  "IsNull": null
                                                },
                                                "expr": {
                                                  "Column": [
                                                    0,
                                                    "a"
                                                  ]
                                                }
                                              }
                                            }
                                          ]
                                        }
                                      }
                                    ]
                                  }
                                }
                              ]
                            }
                          }
                        }
                      }
                    ],
                    "equivalences": [
                      [
                        {
                          "Column": [
                            0,
                            null
                          ]
                        },
                        {
                          "Column": [
                            3,
                            null
                          ]
                        }
                      ]
                    ],
                    "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                  }
                },
                "outputs": [
                  0,
                  1,
                  2,
                  4
                ]
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

# Test multiple CTEs: a case where we cannot pull the let statement up
# through the join because the local l0 is correlated against the lhs of
# the enclosing join.
query T multiline
EXPLAIN DECORRELATED PLAN WITH(raw) AS JSON FOR
SELECT
  *
FROM
  (
    SELECT * FROM t
  ) as r1
  CROSS JOIN LATERAL (
    WITH r4 as (
      SELECT MAX(r1.a * t.a) AS m FROM t
    )
    SELECT *
    FROM
      r4
      CROSS JOIN LATERAL (
        WITH r2 as (
          SELECT MAX(r1.a * t.a) AS m FROM t
        )
        SELECT * FROM r2 WHERE r1.a = r4.m AND r2.m > 5
      ) as r3
    WHERE a != r1.a
  ) as r5;
----
{
  "Let": {
    "id": 0,
    "value": {
      "Constant": {
        "rows": {
          "Ok": [
            [
              {
                "data": []
              },
              1
            ]
          ]
        },
        "typ": {
          "column_types": [],
          "keys": []
        }
      }
    },
    "body": {
      "Let": {
        "id": 1,
        "value": {
          "Join": {
            "inputs": [
              {
                "Get": {
                  "id": {
                    "Local": 0
                  },
                  "typ": {
                    "column_types": [],
                    "keys": [
                      []
                    ]
                  },
                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                }
              },
              {
                "Get": {
                  "id": {
                    "Global": {
                      "User": 1
                    }
                  },
                  "typ": {
                    "column_types": [
                      {
                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                        "nullable": true
                      },
                      {
                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                        "nullable": true
                      }
                    ],
                    "keys": []
                  },
                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                }
              }
            ],
            "equivalences": [],
            "implementation": "Unimplemented"
          }
        },
        "body": {
          "Let": {
            "id": 2,
            "value": {
              "Reduce": {
                "input": {
                  "Get": {
                    "id": {
                      "Local": 1
                    },
                    "typ": {
                      "column_types": [
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": true
                        },
                        {
                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                          "nullable": true
                        }
                      ],
                      "keys": []
                    },
                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                  }
                },
                "group_key": [
                  {
                    "Column": [
                      0,
                      null
                    ]
                  }
                ],
                "aggregates": [],
                "monotonic": false,
                "expected_group_size": null
              }
            },
            "body": {
              "Project": {
                "input": {
                  "Join": {
                    "inputs": [
                      {
                        "Get": {
                          "id": {
                            "Local": 1
                          },
                          "typ": {
                            "column_types": [
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              },
                              {
                                "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                "nullable": true
                              }
                            ],
                            "keys": []
                          },
                          "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                        }
                      },
                      {
                        "Let": {
                          "id": 4,
                          "value": {
                            "Let": {
                              "id": 3,
                              "value": {
                                "Reduce": {
                                  "input": {
                                    "Join": {
                                      "inputs": [
                                        {
                                          "Get": {
                                            "id": {
                                              "Local": 2
                                            },
                                            "typ": {
                                              "column_types": [
                                                {
                                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                  "nullable": true
                                                }
                                              ],
                                              "keys": [
                                                [
                                                  0
                                                ]
                                              ]
                                            },
                                            "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                          }
                                        },
                                        {
                                          "Get": {
                                            "id": {
                                              "Global": {
                                                "User": 1
                                              }
                                            },
                                            "typ": {
                                              "column_types": [
                                                {
                                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                  "nullable": true
                                                },
                                                {
                                                  "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                  "nullable": true
                                                }
                                              ],
                                              "keys": []
                                            },
                                            "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                          }
                                        }
                                      ],
                                      "equivalences": [],
                                      "implementation": "Unimplemented"
                                    }
                                  },
                                  "group_key": [
                                    {
                                      "Column": [
                                        0,
                                        null
                                      ]
                                    }
                                  ],
                                  "aggregates": [
                                    {
                                      "func": "MaxInt32",
                                      "expr": {
                                        "CallBinary": {
                                          "func": "MulInt32",
                                          "expr1": {
                                            "Column": [
                                              0,
                                              "a"
                                            ]
                                          },
                                          "expr2": {
                                            "Column": [
                                              1,
                                              "a"
                                            ]
                                          }
                                        }
                                      },
                                      "distinct": false
                                    }
                                  ],
                                  "monotonic": false,
                                  "expected_group_size": null
                                }
                              },
                              "body": {
                                "Union": {
                                  "base": {
                                    "Get": {
                                      "id": {
                                        "Local": 3
                                      },
                                      "typ": {
                                        "column_types": [
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          },
                                          {
                                            "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                            "nullable": true
                                          }
                                        ],
                                        "keys": [
                                          [
                                            0
                                          ]
                                        ]
                                      },
                                      "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                    }
                                  },
                                  "inputs": [
                                    {
                                      "Join": {
                                        "inputs": [
                                          {
                                            "Project": {
                                              "input": {
                                                "Join": {
                                                  "inputs": [
                                                    {
                                                      "Union": {
                                                        "base": {
                                                          "Negate": {
                                                            "input": {
                                                              "Reduce": {
                                                                "input": {
                                                                  "Get": {
                                                                    "id": {
                                                                      "Local": 3
                                                                    },
                                                                    "typ": {
                                                                      "column_types": [
                                                                        {
                                                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                          "nullable": true
                                                                        },
                                                                        {
                                                                          "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                          "nullable": true
                                                                        }
                                                                      ],
                                                                      "keys": [
                                                                        [
                                                                          0
                                                                        ]
                                                                      ]
                                                                    },
                                                                    "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                  }
                                                                },
                                                                "group_key": [
                                                                  {
                                                                    "Column": [
                                                                      0,
                                                                      null
                                                                    ]
                                                                  }
                                                                ],
                                                                "aggregates": [],
                                                                "monotonic": false,
                                                                "expected_group_size": null
                                                              }
                                                            }
                                                          }
                                                        },
                                                        "inputs": [
                                                          {
                                                            "Reduce": {
                                                              "input": {
                                                                "Get": {
                                                                  "id": {
                                                                    "Local": 2
                                                                  },
                                                                  "typ": {
                                                                    "column_types": [
                                                                      {
                                                                        "scalar_type": "Int32",
                                                                        "nullable": true
                                                                      }
                                                                    ],
                                                                    "keys": [
                                                                      [
                                                                        0
                                                                      ]
                                                                    ]
                                                                  },
                                                                  "access_strategy": "UnknownOrLocal"
                                                                }
                                                              },
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EOF